I-Cellulose Ether (CE) iyisigaba sezinto zokutholwa ezitholwe ngokuguqula amakhemikhali. I-cellulose iyingxenye esemqoka yezindonga zeseli yezitshalo, kanye nezithambiso ze-cellulose ziwuchungechunge lwama-polymers akhiqizwa amaqembu athile we-hydroxyl (-OH) eCellulose. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nezinto zokwakha, umuthi, ukudla, izimonyo, njll., Futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi kwizimboni zazo ezihlukile nangamakhemikhali kanye nokuguquguquka.
1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Cellulose Afers
I-Cellulose Afers ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngezinhlobo zabangethwe esikhundleni sesakhiwo samakhemikhali. Ukuhlukaniswa okuvame kakhulu kusekelwe umehluko ekuhlolweni kwabangenisi. I-Cellulose Afers evamile imi ngalendlela elandelayo:
I-methyl cellulose (MC)
I-methyl cellulose yenziwa ngokufaka enye ingxenye ye-hydroxy ye-molecule ye-cellulose nge-methyl (-ch₃). Inokuqina okuhle, ukwakha amafilimu kanye nokubopha izibopho futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zokwakha, ukugqoka, amakhamishini kanye nezimboni zokudla.
I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
I-Hydroxypropylm methylcellulose iyi-ether evamile yeselula, esetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokwakha, umuthi, amakhemikhali nsuku zonke nezinkundla zokudla ngenxa yokuqina kwamanzi okungcono nokuqina kwamakhemikhali. I-HPMC iyi-ether ye-nonionic cellulose enezakhiwo zokugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuqina nokuqina.
I-Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC)
I-Carboxymethyl Cellulose iyi-anionic cellulose ether ekhiqizwa ukwethula amaqembu e-carboxymethyl (-ch₂cooh) e-cellulose molecule. I-CMC ine-solubility enhle kakhulu yamanzi futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa njengomuntu omkhulu, i-stabilizer kanye ne-ejenti yokumisa. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekudleni, emithini kanye nezimonyo.
I-Ethyl Cellulose (EC)
I-ethyl cellulose itholakala ngokufaka esikhundleni seqembu le-hydroxyl e-cellulose nge-ethyl (-ch₂ch₃). Ine-hydrophobicicity enhle futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ye-coating yefilimu kanye nezinto zokukhishwa ezilawulwayo embonini yezemithi.
2. Izakhiwo zenyama nezamakhemikhali ze-cellulose afes
Izakhiwo ezingokomzimba nezamakhemikhali ze-cellulose afer ezihlobene kakhulu nezinto ezifana nohlobo lwe-cellulose ether, uhlobo lokufaka esikhundleni kanye nesilinganiso sokufaka esikhundleni. Izakhiwo zalo eziphambili zifaka okulandelayo:
I-solubity yamanzi ne-solubility
I-Cellulose Aferthers iningi linamanzi amahle e-solubility futhi lingachithwa kumanzi abandayo noma ashisayo ukwakha ikhambi le-colloidal elibonakalayo. Isibonelo, i-HPMC, i-CMC, njll. Ingancibilika ngokushesha emanzini ukwakha ikhambi eliphakeme kakhulu, elisetshenziswa kabanzi kwizimo zohlelo lokusebenza ngezidingo ezisebenzayo njengokuqina, ukumiswa, kanye nokwakheka kwefilimu.
Izakhiwo ezihlanganayo nefilimu
I-Cellulose Tather inezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokuqina futhi ingakhulisa ngempumelelo ukubonwa kwezixazululo zamanzi. Isibonelo, ukungeza i-HPMC eya kokwakha izinto zingathuthukisa ipulasitiki nokusebenza kodaka kanye nokukhulisa izakhiwo ezilwa nokulwa nokulwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, izimpi ze-cellulose zinezinto ezinhle ezakha amafilimu futhi zingakha ifilimu evikela umfaniswano ebusweni bezinto, ngakho-ke zisetshenziswa kabanzi emboni nasekugqokeni izidakamizwa.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi nokuqina
I-Cellulose Afers ibuye ibe nomthamo omuhle wokugcina amanzi, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha. I-Cellulose Afers ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kosimende kasimende, yehlisa ukuvela kodaka ukucwilisa imifantu, futhi kwandise impilo yenkonzo yodaka. Ensimini yokudla, i-CMC nayo isetshenziswa njengozithobayo wokubambezela ukomiswa kokudla.
Ukuqina kwamakhemikhali
I-Cellulose Tathers ikhombisa ukuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali ku-acid, i-alkali kanye nezixazululo ze-electrolyte, futhi kungagcina ukwakheka kwazo kanye nokusebenza ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi basetshenziswe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwamanye amakhemikhali.
3. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-cellulose ether
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether kulungiselelwe ukusabela kokusheshisa kwe-cellulose yemvelo. Izinyathelo zenqubo eziyisisekelo zifaka ukwelashwa kwe-alkalization ye-cellulose, ukuphendula kwetherali, ukuhlanzwa, njll.
Ukwelashwa kwe-alkalization
Okokuqala, iselula yemvelo (njengokotini, izinkuni, njll.) Ingabe i-Alkalised iyenzelwe ukuguqula ingxenye ye-hydroxyl kusawoti ophuza ngokweqile.
Ukusabela okuthe xaxa
I-cellulose ngemuva kokuthi i-alkalization iphendula nge-ejenti etherishini (efana ne-methyl chloride, i-propelene oxide, njll.) Ukukhiqiza i-ether ye-cellulose. Ngokuya ngezimo zokuphendula, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Cellulose TETS zingatholakala.
Ukuhlanzwa nokomisa
I-cellulose ether ekhiqizwa ukusabela ihlanjululwe, igezwe futhi yomiswe ukuthola i-powder noma umkhiqizo we-granular. Ubumsulwa kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo zomkhiqizo wokugcina zingalawulwa ngobuchwepheshe bokucubungula abalandelayo.
4. Izinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza ze-cellulose ether
Ngenxa yezakhiwo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ze-cellulose afesther, zisetshenziswa kabanzi kwizimboni eziningi. Izinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza main zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:
Izinto zokwakha
Emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha, izimpi ze-cellulose zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njengabakhulu nama-ejenti agcinwe amanzi emikhiqizweni esuselwa kumasipala. I-Cellulose Afers efana ne-HPMC ne-MC ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kosuku lodaka, yehlisa ukulahleka kwamanzi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela yenza ngcono ukumelana nokuqhekeka.
Umuthi
Embonini yezemithi, izithambiso ze-cellulose zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengabahlinzeki bezidakamizwa, izinamathiseli zamathebulethi, nezinto zokukhishwa ezilawulwayo. Isibonelo, i-HPMC ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungiselela izimbangi zefilimu lezidakamizwa futhi inomphumela omuhle wokukhishwa.
Ukudla
I-CMC ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesikhulu, i-emulsifier, ne-stabilizer embonini yokudla. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi eziphuzweni, imikhiqizo yobisi, kanye nezimpahla ezibhakiwe, futhi kungathuthukisa ukunambitheka kanye nezakhiwo zokudla okunomswakama.
Izimonyo namakhemikhali nsuku zonke
I-Cellulose Afers isetshenziswa njengabakhulu kanye nama-emulsifiers kanye nezinkomo ezimotweni kanye namakhemikhali nsuku zonke, anganikeza ukuvumelana okuhle nokuthungwa. Isibonelo, i-HPMC ivame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni efana namazinyo nama-shampoo ukuze ubanikeze umuzwa we-viscous kanye nomphumela wokumiswa okuzinzile.
Ukumboza
Embonini yezambane, izithambisi ze-cellulose zisetshenziswa njengabakhulu, amafomu amafilimu, kanye nama-ejenti asolayo, angathuthukisa ukusebenza kwezokumboza, athuthukise izinga, futhi ahlinzeke ngekhwalithi enhle yefilimu.
I-5. Ukuthuthukiswa Okuzayo kwe-Cellulose Afers
Ngesidingo esandayo sokuvikelwa kwemvelo, i-cellulose ether, njengokususwa kwezinsizakusebenza ezivuselelekayo zemvelo, inamathemba abanzi wokuthuthuka. I-biodegradearabilibility, ukuvuma kwayo kanye nokuguquguquka kwenza ukuthi kulindeleke ukuthi kulindeleke ukuthi kusetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni yezinto zokwakha eziluhlaza, izinto ezingokonakalayo kanye nezinto ezihlakaniphile ngokuzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cellulose ether ibuye iphinde icwaninge kanye nentuthuko amathuba emikhakheni ephezulu eyengeziwe efana nobunjiniyela be-biomedical kanye nezinto ezithuthukisiwe.
Njengomkhiqizo obalulekile wamakhemikhali, i-cellulose ether inenani elihlukahlukene lesicelo. Ngokuqina kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukwakha amafilimu nokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali, kudlala indima engenakuphikwa emikhakheni eminingi efana nokwakha, umuthi nokudla. Ngokuzayo, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhuthaza imiqondo yokuvikela imvelo, amathemba wesicelo se-cellulose ether azoba abanzi futhi enze iminikelo enkulu yokuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezimboni ezahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sePosi: Sep-24-2024