Abakhiqizi be-cellulose ether bahlaziya ukubunjwa kodaka lwemiksi eyomile

I-Dry-mix mortar (i-DMM) iyinsimbi yokwakha eyimpuphu eyakhiwe ngokumisa nokuchoboza usimende, i-gypsum, i-lime, njll njengezinto eziyisisekelo eziyinhloko, emva kokulinganisa okunembile, ukwengeza izinhlobonhlobo zezithasiselo ezisebenzayo kanye nezigcwalisi. Inezinzuzo zokuxuba okulula, ukwakhiwa okulula, kanye nekhwalithi ezinzile, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi kubunjiniyela bokwakha, ubunjiniyela bokuhlobisa kanye neminye imikhakha. Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-dry-mix mortar zihlanganisa izinto eziyisisekelo, ama-fillers, ama-admixtures kanye nezithasiselo. Phakathi kwazo,i-cellulose ether, njengesengezo esibalulekile, idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni i-rheology nasekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kokwakhiwa. 

1. Izinto eziyisisekelo

Isisekelo sesisekelo siyingxenye eyinhloko yodaka oluxubekile, ngokuvamile oluhlanganisa usimende, i-gypsum, i-lime, njll.

Usimende: Ingenye yezinto eziyisisekelo ezivame kakhulu odakeni lwengxube eyomile, ngokuvamile usimende ojwayelekile we-silicate noma usimende oshintshiwe. Izinga likasimende linquma amandla odaka. Amabanga ajwayelekile wamandla ajwayelekile angama-32.5, 42.5, njll.

I-Gypsum: evame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni udaka lwe-plaster kanye nodaka lwesakhiwo esikhethekile. Ingakhiqiza izakhiwo ezingcono zokuhlanganisa kanye nokuqina ngesikhathi senqubo ye-hydration futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kodaka.

Umcako: ngokuvamile usetshenziselwa ukulungisa udaka olukhethekile, njengodaka lwe-lime. Ukusetshenziswa komcako kungathuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nesithwathwa.

2. Isigcwalisi

I-Filler ibhekisela kumpushana wezinto ezingaphili ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa izinto ezibonakalayo zodaka, ngokuvamile okuhlanganisa isihlabathi esihle, impushana ye-quartz, i-perlite enwetshiwe, i-ceramsite enwetshiwe, njll. Lawa mafayili ngokuvamile atholakala ngenqubo ethile yokuhlola enosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezifanayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kodaka. Umsebenzi wokugcwalisa ukuhlinzeka ngevolumu yodaka nokulawula uketshezi nokunamathela kwawo.

Isihlabathi esihle: esivame ukusetshenziswa odakeni olomile olujwayelekile, olunosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-0.5mm.

I-Quartz powder: ubucwebe obuphezulu, obufanele udaka oludinga amandla aphezulu nokuqina.

I-perlite enwetshiwe/i-ceramsite enwetshiwe: evame ukusetshenziswa odakeni olulula, olunokufakwa kahle komsindo kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela ukushisa.

3. Izixube

Ama-admixtures izinto zamakhemikhali ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kodaka lwengxube eyomile, ikakhulukazi okufaka ama-ejenti agcina amanzi, ama-retarders, ama-accelerator, ama-antifreeze agents, njll. Ama-Admixtures angalungisa isikhathi sokusetha, uketshezi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, njll. kodaka, futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kokwakhiwa nomthelela wokusetshenziswa kodaka.

I-ejenti egcina amanzi: isetshenziselwa ukwenza ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka futhi ivimbele amanzi ukuthi angashisi ngokushesha, ngaleyo ndlela andise isikhathi sokwakha udaka, okubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu noma endaweni eyomile. Ama-ejenti avamile okugcina amanzi ahlanganisa ama-polymers.

Ama-retarders: angabambezela isikhathi sokumisa udaka, olungele indawo yokwakhiwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukuvimbela udaka ukuthi luqine ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngesikhathi sokwakha.

Ama-Accelerators: ukusheshisa inqubo yokuqina kodaka, ikakhulukazi endaweni yokushisa ephansi, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukusheshisa ukusabela kwe-hydration kasimende nokuthuthukisa amandla odaka.

I-antifreeze: isetshenziswa endaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphansi ukuvimbela udaka ekulahlekelweni amandla ngenxa yokuqhwa. 

4. Izithasiselo

Izithasiselo zibhekisela ezintweni zamakhemikhali noma zemvelo ezisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izici ezithile ezithile zodaka lwengxube eyomile, ngokuvamile okuhlanganisa i-cellulose ether, i-thickener, dispersant, njll. I-Cellulose ether, njengesengezo esisebenzayo esisetshenziswa ngokuvamile, idlala indima ebalulekile kudaka lwengxube eyomile.

Indima ye-cellulose ether

I-Cellulose ether iyikilasi lezinhlanganisela ze-polymer ezenziwe nge-cellulose ngokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali, asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni, ekuhlanganiseni, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke kanye neminye imikhakha. Kudaka lwengxube eyomile, indima ye-cellulose ether ibonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:

Thuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka

I-Cellulose ether ingakhuphula ngempumelelo ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka futhi inciphise ukuhwamuka okusheshayo kwamanzi. Isakhiwo sayo samangqamuzana siqukethe amaqembu e-hydrophilic, angakha amandla aqinile okubopha ngama-molecule amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela agcine udaka olumanzi futhi ugweme imifantu noma ubunzima bokwakha obubangelwa ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi ngokushesha.

Thuthukisa i-rheology yodaka

I-Cellulose ether ingakwazi ukulungisa uketshezi nokunamathela kodaka, okwenza udaka lufane futhi lusebenze kalula ngesikhathi sokwakha. Yandisa i-viscosity yodaka ngokujiya, ikhuphule ukuhlukana kwayo, ivimbele udaka ekuhlukaniseni ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, futhi iqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokwakhiwa kodaka.

Thuthukisa ukunamathela kodaka

Ifilimu eyakhiwe nge-cellulose ether odakeni inokunamathela okuhle, okusiza ukuthuthukisa amandla okubopha phakathi kodaka kanye ne-substrate, ikakhulukazi enqubweni yokwakha yokumboza nokufaka amathayela, ingathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukusebenza kokubopha futhi ivimbele ukuwa.

Thuthukisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka kodaka, ikakhulukazi enqubweni yokomisa, i-cellulose ether inganciphisa imifantu ebangelwa ukuncipha ngokwandisa ukuqina namandla aqinile odaka.

Thuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kodaka

I-cellulose etheringalungisa ngokuphumelelayo isikhathi sokwakhiwa kodaka, yandise isikhathi esivulekile, futhi ikwazi ukugcina ukusebenza okuhle kokwakhiwa endaweni yokushisa ephezulu noma endaweni eyomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase futhi kuthuthukise ukucaba nokusebenza kodaka futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokwakha.

Njengempahla yokwakha esebenza kahle futhi enobungani bemvelo, ubuhlakani bokwakheka kwayo nengxenye inquma ikhwalithi yokusebenza kwayo. Njengesengezo esibalulekile, i-cellulose ether ingathuthukisa izici ezibalulekile zodaka lwengxube eyomile, njengokugcinwa kwamanzi, i-rheology, nokunamathela, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kanye nekhwalithi yodaka. Njengoba imboni yezokwakha iqhubeka nokwandisa izidingo zayo zokusebenza kwempahla, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether nezinye izithasiselo ezisebenzayo ku-dry-mix mortar kuzokwanda kakhulu, kunikeze indawo enkulu yenqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe bemboni.