1. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-cellulose ether
Ngodaka ngodaka oluselungiselelwe, i-cellulose ether yisengezo esikhulu esingezwe ngenani eliphansi kakhulu kepha singathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza ngodaka olumanzi futhi luthinte ukusebenza kodaka.
2. Izinhlobo ze-cellulose afer
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ngemicu yemvelo ngokuchithwa kwe-alkali, ukuhanjiswa ngokuxhunyelelwa (ukugeza), ukugeza, ukomisa, ukugaya nezinye izinqubo.
Ngokwezinto zokwenziwa eziphambili eziluhlaza, imicu yemvelo ingahlukaniswa yi: fiber ukotini, i-fiber ye-cedar, i-becy fiber, njll. Degrees yabo ye-polymerization iyahlukahluka, okuthinta ukubonana kokugcina kwemikhiqizo yabo. Njengamanje, abakhiqizi abakhulu be-cellulose basebenzisa i-Cotton fiber (ngomkhiqizo we-nitrocellulose) njengento ebalulekile eluhlaza.
I-Cellulose Afers ingahlukaniswa nge-ionic ne-nonion. Uhlobo lwe-Ionic ikakhulukazi luhlanganisa usawoti we-carboxymethylwoose usawoti, futhi uhlobo olungewona iqiniso ikakhulukazi luhlanganisa i-methyl cellulose, i-methylylylsoses (i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, njll.
Njengamanje, i-cellulose iziphothutha ezisetshenziselwa udaka oluxutshwe kahle ikakhulukazi yi-methyl cellulose ether (MC), i-methyl hydroxyethyylllose ether (MHPG), i-hpmpypropylylropylyllls (MHPC), i-HpMC). Udaka olumiswe ngomumo, ngoba i-ionic cellulose (i-carboxymethyl cellulose usawoti) ingazinzile phambi kwe-calcium ions, akuvamile ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni elungiselelwe elungiselelwe esebenzisa usimende, i-lime evuthayo, njll. Njengezinto zokwenziwa kokonga. Kwezinye izindawo eChina, i-carboxymethyl cellulose usawoti isetshenziswa njengomuntu omkhulu wezinye zemikhiqizo yangaphakathi ecutshungulwe ngesitashi esiguquliwe njenge-shuangfei powder njenge-filler. Lo mkhiqizo uthambekele ekukhuthaleni futhi akamelanga namanzi, futhi manje usuphelelwe yisikhathi. I-Hydroxyyethyl celtulose nayo isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ethile elungiselelwe, kepha inesabelo esincanyana semakethe.
3. Izinkomba Zokusebenza Eziyinhloko ze-Cellulose Ether
(1) I-solubity
I-Cellulose yi-polyhydroxy polymer compound engancibilika futhi ayincibilike. Ngemuva kokuthethezeka, iselulamevu incane emanzini, i-dilite alkali solution kanye ne-organic solvent, futhi ine-thermoplasticity. I-solubity ikakhulukazi incike ezicini ezine: okokuqala, i-solubality iyahlukahluka ngokubonakala, kwehlise ukubonakala, kukhudlwana okubandayo kwe-solubity. Okwesibili, izici zamaqembu ezethulwe kwinqubo yokusheshisa, enkulu yeqembu lethulwe, yehlise i-solubity; Iqembu elethulwa kakhulu leli qembu, kube lula i-ether ye-cellulose ukuncibilika emanzini. Okwesithathu, izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamaqembu anetherified kuma-macromolecule. Iningi le-cellulose tifers lingachithwa kuphela emanzini ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esithile sokufakwa esikhundleni. Okwesine, izinga le-polymerization ye-cellulose ether, kukhuphuka izinga le-polymerization, incibilika kancane; Ukwehlisa izinga le-polymerization, ububanzi ububanzi bezinga lokufaka esikhundleni esingenziwa emanzini.
(2) Ukugcinwa kwamanzi
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kungukusebenza okubalulekile kwe-cellulose ether, futhi futhi kungukusebenza okube abakhiqizi abaningi basekhaya owomile wasekhaya, ikakhulukazi labo abaseningizimu nezifunda eziphakeme, banake. Izici ezithinta umphumela wokugcina amanzi oGuta zifaka inani le-cellulose ether eyengeziwe, i-viscosity, inhlawulo yezinhlayiyakazi kanye nokushisa kwendawo yokusebenzisa. Kukhuphuka inani le-cellulose ether elingezwe, okungcono umphumela wokugcinwa kwamanzi; Lapho kukhula khona i-viscosity, ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi; Amainhlayine ahle kakhulu, angcono umphumela wokugcinwa kwamanzi.
(3) I-Viscosity
I-Viscosity iyipharamitha ebalulekile yemikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether. Njengamanje, abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene be-cellulose ether basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene nezinsimbi ukukala i-viscosity. Ngomkhiqizo ofanayo, imiphumela ye-visacosity elikalwe ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ihluke kakhulu, kanti ezinye zize zize ziphindwe kabili umehluko. Ngakho-ke, lapho uqhathanisa i-viscosity, kufanele yenziwe phakathi kwezindlela ezifanayo zokuhlola, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, i-rotor, njll.
Ngokuvamile ukukhuluma, ukukhuphuka okuphezulu, kungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, ukukhuphuka kwesisindo esiphakeme, isisindo samangqamuzana e-cellulose ether, kanye nokuncipha okuhambisanayo kwe-solubelity yayo kuzoba nomthelela ongemuhle emandleni nasekusebenzeni komuzi wodaka. Lapho kuphakama i-viscosity, kusobala kakhulu umphumela wokuqina kudaka, kepha akayona ngokuqondile. Lapho esekhuphuka khona ukubonwa, okuzoba khona ngodaka olumanzi. Ngesikhathi sokwakha, kubonakaliswa njengokunamathela ku-scraper kanye nokunamathela okuphezulu kuya engxenyeni engezansi. Kepha akusizi ukwandisa amandla wesakhiwo sodaka olumanzi uqobo. Ngesikhathi sokwakha, ukusebenza kwe-anti-sag akubonakali. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukubonakala okuphakathi nendawo okuphansi kepha okulungiselelwe i-methyl cellulose kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amandla wesakhiwo sodaka lwamanzi.
(4) Ubunzima bezinhlayiya:
I-cellulose ether esetshenziselwa udaka oluxutshwe ngohlobo olumisiwe luyadingeka ukuba lube yimpuphu, okuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphansi, nobuciko futhi kudinga ama-20% afinyelela ku-60% usayizi we-63 μm abe ngaphansi kwama-63 μm abe ngaphansi kwama-63 μm abe ngaphansi kwama-63 μm abe ngaphansi kwama-63 μm abe ngaphansi kwama-63 μm abe ngaphansi kwama-63 μm abe ngaphansi kwama-63 μM. Ubuhle buthinta i-solubility ye-cellulose ether. I-Coarse Cellulose Afers imvamisa ngesimo sama-granule, okulula ukuhlakazeka futhi ancibilike emanzini ngaphandle kwe-agglomeration, kepha izinga lokuchithwa lihamba kancane, ngakho-ke akulungele ukusetshenziswa ngodaka okuxubile ( Akulula ukuhlakazeka nokuncibilikisa emanzini, futhi kuthambekele ekuvukeni). Ngodaka olumiswe ngomumo, i-ether ye-cellulose ihlakazeka phakathi kwama-aggregates, ama-filler amahle kanye nosimende nezinye izinto zokonga. I-powder enhle kuphela eyanele ingavikela i-cellulose ether agglomeration lapho ixuba namanzi. Lapho kufakwa ama-cellulose ether ngamanzi ukuncibilikisa i-agglomeration, kunzima kakhulu ukusabalalisa futhi kuncibilike.
(5) Ukuguqulwa kwe-cellulose ether
Ukuguqulwa kwe-cellulose ether ukwandiswa kokusebenza kwawo, futhi kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Izakhiwo ze-cellulose ether zingathuthukiswa ukuze zikwazi ukusebenza kahle, ukuhlakazwa, ukunamathela, ukuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nezakhiwo ezenziwayo zefilimu, kanye nokungaphambi kokuphela kwayo.
I-4. Umphumela wokushisa okukhona ekugcinweni kwamanzi kodaka
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuyancipha ngokwanda kokushisa. Ezinsizakalweni ezingokoqobo ezibonakalayo, udaka uvame ukusetshenziswa ezitolo ezishisayo ezinamazinga okushisa aphezulu (aphezulu kune-40 ° C) ezindaweni eziningi. Ukwehla kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwaholela ekutholeni umthelela obonakalayo ekusebenzeni nasekuqhekekeni kokuqhekeka. Ukuthembela kwayo kumazinga okushisa kuzosaqhubeka nokuba buthaka kwezakhiwo zodaka, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ithonya lezinto zokushisa ngaphansi kwalesi simo. Izindlela zokupheka zodaka zalungiswa ngendlela efanele, futhi kwenziwa izinguquko eziningi ezibalulekile eziphepheni zonyaka. Yize kukhulisa umthamo (ifomula yehlobo), ukusebenziseka kanye nokuqina kokuqhekeka namanje akukwazi ukubhekana nezidingo zokusebenzisa, okudinga ukuphathwa okuthile okukhethekile kwe-cellulose ether, njll., Ukuze kube khona umphumela wokugcina amanzi kufinyelelwe ekushiseni okuphezulu. Igcina umphumela ongcono lapho iphakeme, ukuze inikeze ukusebenza okungcono ezimeni ezinzima.
I-5. Isicelo ngodaka olumiswe ngomumo
Owesifazane olungiselelwe ngomumo, i-ether ye-cellulose idlala indima yokugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuqina kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kokwakha. Ukusebenza okuhle kokugcina amanzi kuqinisekisa ukuthi udaka ngeke lubangele i-sanding, i-powling kanye nokuncishiswa kwamandla ngenxa yokushoda kwamanzi kanye nokushoda kwamanzi. Umphumela wokuqina uthuthukisa kakhulu amandla wesakhiwo sodaka olumanzi. Ukungezwa kwe-cellulose ether kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukubonwa okumanzi kodaka olumanzi, futhi kubhekisisa kahle nezindawo ezahlukahlukene zokuxhaswa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza kodonga ngodaka olumanzi kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqhaza le-cellulose ether emikhiqizweni ehlukene nalo lihlukile. Isibonelo, kuma-tile anamathela, i-cellulose ether ingakhuphula isikhathi sokuvula futhi ilungise isikhathi; Ku-mehendi fafaza udaka, kungathuthukisa amandla ahlelekile ngodaka olumanzi; Ekuzilingene, kungavimba indawo yokuhlala, ukwahlukaniswa kanye nokuqina. Ngakho-ke, njengesengezo esibalulekile, i-cellulose ether isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-powder omile.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jan-11-2023