Enqubweni yokulungisa amaphutha nokusebenzisa ama-glaze, ngaphezu kokuhlangabezana nemiphumela ethile yokuhlobisa kanye nezinkomba zokusebenza, kufanele futhi bahlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo eziyisisekelo. Sibhala futhi sixoxe ngezinkinga ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ohlelweni lokusebenzisa ama-glaze.
1. Ukusebenza kwe-glaze slurry akukuhle
Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwefektri ye-ceramic kuyaqhubeka, uma kunenkinga ngokusebenza kwe-glaze slurry, amaphutha ahlukahlukene azovela enkambisweni yokugcoba, okuzothinta ngokuqondile izinga elihle kakhulu lemikhiqizo yomkhiqizi. Ukusebenza okubalulekile nokusebenza okuyisisekelo. Ake sithathe izidingo zokusebenza ze-bell jar glaze ku-glaze slurry njengesibonelo. I-glaze slurry enhle kufanele ibe nalokhu: uketshezi oluningi, akukho thixotropy, akukho imvula, awekho amabhamuza ku-glaze slurry, ukugcinwa komswakama ofanele, namandla athile lapho omile, njll. Ukusebenza kwenqubo. Khona-ke ake sihlaziye izici ezithinta ukusebenza kwe-glaze slurry.
1) Izinga lamanzi
Ubulukhuni kanye ne-pH yamanzi kuzothinta ukusebenza kwe-glaze slurry. Ngokuvamile, umthelela wekhwalithi yamanzi ungokwesifunda. Amanzi kampompi endaweni ethile ngokuvamile azinzile uma kuqhathaniswa ngemva kokwelashwa, kodwa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngokuvamile awashintshile ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuqukethwe kukasawoti oncibilikayo ezingqimbeni zamadwala nokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ukuzinza, ngakho-ke i-ball mill glaze slurry yomkhiqizi ingcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa amanzi ompompi, okuzoba nokuzinza.
2) Okuqukethwe kukasawoti oncibilikayo ezintweni ezingavuthiwe
Ngokuvamile, ukuna kwensimbi ye-alkali kanye nama-ion ensimbi yomhlaba ane-alkaline emanzini kuzothinta i-pH kanye nebhalansi engaba khona ku-glaze slurry. Ngakho-ke, ekukhetheni izinto zokusetshenziswa zamaminerali, sizama ukusebenzisa izinto ezicutshungulwe ngokuntanta, ukugeza amanzi, nokugaya amanzi. Kuzoba ngaphansi, futhi okuqukethwe kukasawoti oncibilikayo ezintweni zokusetshenziswa kuhlobene nokwakheka okuphelele kwemithambo ye-ore kanye nezinga lesimo sezulu. Izimayini ezihlukene zinosawoti oncibilikayo ohlukile. Indlela elula iwukwengeza amanzi ngesilinganiso esithile futhi uhlole izinga lokugeleza kwe-glaze slurry ngemva kokugaya ibhola. , Sizama ukusebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezincane noma azikho nhlobo ezinezinga lokugeleza elimpofu uma kuqhathaniswa.
3) I-sodiumi-carboxymethyl cellulosekanye ne-sodium tripolyphosphate
I-ejenti yokumisa esetshenziswa ku-glaze yethu ye-ceramic yezakhiwo yi-sodium carboxymethylcellulose, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-CMC, ubude beketanga lamangqamuzana e-CMC buthinta ngqo i-viscosity yayo ku-glaze slurry, uma iketango lamangqamuzana lide kakhulu, i-viscosity yinhle, kodwa i-glaze slurry Amabhamuza kulula ukuvela phakathi nendawo futhi kunzima ukuwakhipha. Uma uchungechunge lwamangqamuzana lufushane kakhulu, i-viscosity ilinganiselwe futhi umphumela wokubopha awukwazi ukufinyelelwa, futhi i-glaze slurry kulula ukuwohloka ngemva kokubekwa isikhathi esithile. Ngakho-ke, iningi le-cellulose elisetshenziswa ezimbonini zethu liyi-cellulose ye-viscosity ephakathi nendawo. . Izinga le-sodium tripolyphosphate lihlobene ngokuqondile nezindleko. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo eminingi emakethe yonakele kakhulu, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-degumming. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukukhetha abakhiqizi abavamile ukuthenga, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulahlekelwa kudlula inzuzo!
4) Ukungcola kwamanye amazwe
Ngokuvamile, okunye ukungcoliswa kukawoyela kanye nama-ejenti okuntanta amakhemikhali alethwa nakanjani ngesikhathi sokumbiwa kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadaka amaningi okwenziwa okwamanje asebenzisa izithasiselo ezithile eziphilayo ezinamaketanga amangqamuzana amakhulu kakhulu. Ukungcoliswa kukawoyela kubangela ngokuqondile amaphutha acwebezelayo acwebezelayo endaweni ecwebezelayo. Ama-Flotation agents azothinta ibhalansi ye-acid-base futhi athinte uketshezi lwe-glaze slurry. Izithasiselo zodaka zokwenziwa ngokuvamile zinamaketanga amangqamuzana amakhulu futhi zijwayele ukuba namabhamuza.
5) Udaba lwe-Organic ezintweni ezingavuthiwe
Izinto zokusetshenziswa zamaminerali zilethwa nakanjani entweni ephilayo ngenxa yesigamu sempilo, ukuhlukaniswa nezinye izici. Ezinye zalezi zinto eziphilayo zinzima uma zincibilika emanzini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuzoba namabhamuza omoya, ukusefa nokuvinjwa.
2. I-base glaze ayifani kahle:
Ukumataniswa komzimba kanye nokucwebezela kungaxoxwa ngazo ezicini ezintathu: ukufaniswa kwebanga lokukhipha umoya oshisayo, ukomisa nokudubula ukufanisa ukuncipha, kanye nokulinganisa i-coefficient yokunwetshwa. Ake siwahlaziye ngamunye ngamunye:
1) Ukufanisa isikhawu sokukhipha umoya wokudubula
Ngesikhathi sokushisa komzimba kanye ne-glaze, uchungechunge lwezinguquko ezingokwenyama namakhemikhali zizokwenzeka ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa, njengalokhu: ukufakwa kwamanzi, ukukhishwa kwamanzi ayikristalu, ukubola kwe-oxidative yento ephilayo kanye nokubola kwamaminerali angaphili, njll. ., ukusabela okukhethekile nokubola Izinga lokushisa liye lahlolwa izazi eziphezulu, futhi likopishwe kanje ukuze lisetshenziswe ① Izinga lokushisa legumbi -100 degrees Celsius, amanzi adsorbed volatilizes;
② 200-118 degrees Celsius ukuhwamuka kwamanzi phakathi kwezingxenye ③ 350-650 degrees Celsius kusha izinto eziphilayo, sulfate nokubola sulfide ④ 450-650 degrees Celsius recombination crystal, ukususwa kwamanzi crystal ⑤ 573 degrees Celsius 8 ukuguqulwa 0⑥ ivolumu quartz 0-99 ama-Celsius calcite, ukubola kwe-dolomite, igesi Ungafaki ⑦ 700 degrees Celsius ukuze kwakheke izigaba ezintsha ze-silicate neziyinkimbinkimbi ze-silicate.
Izinga lokushisa elihambisanayo lokubola elingenhla lingasetshenziswa kuphela njengereferensi ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, ngoba izinga lezinto zethu zokusetshenziswa liyancipha futhi liyancipha, futhi, ukuze kwehliswe izindleko zokukhiqiza, umjikelezo wokudubula kweziko uya ngokuba mfushane futhi ube mfushane. Ngakho-ke, ngamathayili e-ceramic, izinga lokushisa elihambisanayo lokubola lokuphendula lizophinde libambezeleke ekuphenduleni ukushiswa okusheshayo, futhi ngisho nokukhipha okugxilile endaweni yokushisa okuphezulu kuzodala amaphutha ahlukahlukene. Ukupheka amadombolo, ukuze siwenze apheke ngokushesha, kufanele sisebenze kanzima esikhumbeni futhi sigxilise, senze isikhumba sibe mncane, senze ukugxusha okuncane noma sithole ukugxusha okulula ukupheka, njll. Okufanayo kuyiqiniso ngamathayili e-ceramic. Ukushiswa, ukuncipha komzimba, ukunwetshwa kokudubula okucwebezelayo nokunye. Ubudlelwano phakathi komzimba kanye ne-glaze bufana nokwakheka kwamantombazane. Labo ababone izimonyo zamantombazane akufanele kube nzima ukuqonda ukuthi kungani kukhona ama-glaze aphansi kanye nama-glaze aphezulu emzimbeni. Inhloso eyisisekelo yokwenza izimonyo akukona ukufihla ububi futhi Ubuhle! Kodwa uma ngephutha ujuluka kancane, ubuso bakho buyoba namabala, futhi ungase ube ne-allergic. Okufanayo kuyiqiniso ngamathayili e-ceramic. Ekuqaleni zazishiswe kahle, kodwa amaphinifa avele ngengozi, kungani izimonyo zinaka ukuphefumula futhi zikhethe ngokuvumelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zesikhumba? Izimonyo ezahlukene, eqinisweni, ama-glazes ethu ayafana, emizimbeni ehlukene, siphinde sibe nama-glaze ahlukene ukuze sizivumelanise nawo, amathayili e-ceramic axoshwa kanye, ngishilo esihlokweni esandulele: Kuyoba ngcono ukusebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa eziningi uma umoya. sekwephuzile futhi sethula i-bivalent alkaline earth metals nge-carbonate. Uma umzimba oluhlaza uphelelwe amandla ngaphambi kwesikhathi, sebenzisa ama-frits amaningi noma wethula izinsimbi zomhlaba ezine-alkaline ezihlukene ngezinto ezinokulahleka kokushisa okuncane. Umgomo wokuqeda amandla uwukuthi: izinga lokushisa elikhathazayo lomzimba oluhlaza ngokuvamile liphansi kunalelo le-glaze, ukuze indawo ecwebezelayo ibe yinhle ngempela ngemva kokuphuma kwegesi engezansi, kodwa kunzima ukuyifinyelela ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, futhi indawo yokuthambisa ye-glaze kufanele ibuyiselwe kahle ukuze kube lula ukuphuma komzimba.
2) Ukomisa nokudubula ukufana kokuncipha
Wonke umuntu ugqoke izingubo, futhi kufanele akhululeke uma kuqhathaniswa, noma uma kunokunganaki okuncane, imithungo izovuleka, futhi ukucwebezela komzimba kufana nezingubo esizigqokayo, futhi kufanele zilingane kahle! Ngakho-ke, ukuncipha okomisa kwe-glaze kufanele futhi kuhambisane nomzimba oluhlaza, futhi akufanele kube mkhulu kakhulu noma kuncane kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho imifantu izovela ngesikhathi sokumiswa, futhi isitini esiphelile sizoba namaphutha. Yiqiniso, ngokusekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe labasebenzi bamanje be-glaze Kuthiwa lokhu akuseyona inkinga enzima, futhi ama-debuggers jikelele nawo ahle kakhulu ekubambeni ubumba, ngakho-ke isimo esingenhla asibonakali kaningi, ngaphandle uma lezi zinkinga ezingenhla zenzeka kwezinye izimboni ezinezimo zokukhiqiza ezinzima kakhulu.
3) Ukuqhathanisa kwe-coefficient yokunwetshwa
Ngokuvamile, i-coefficient yokunweba yomzimba oluhlaza inkulu kancane kunaleyo ye-glaze, futhi i-glaze ingaphansi kwengcindezi ecindezelayo ngemva kokudubula emzimbeni oluhlaza, ukuze ukuzinza okushisayo kwe-glaze kube ngcono futhi akulula ukuqhekeka. . Lona futhi umbono okufanele siwufunde lapho sifunda ama-silicates. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule umngane wami wangibuza: kungani i-coefficient yokwandisa ye-glaze inkulu kuneyomzimba, ngakho-ke isimo sezitini sizosonteka, kodwa i-coefficient yokwandisa ye-glaze incane kuneyomzimba, ngakho-ke isitini umumo ugobile? Kunengqondo ukusho ukuthi ngemva kokushisisa nokwandiswa, i-glaze inkulu kunesisekelo futhi igobile, futhi i-glaze incane kunesisekelo futhi iyasonteka...
Angijahile ukunikeza impendulo, ake sibheke ukuthi yini i-coefficient yokunwetshwa kwe-thermal. Okokuqala nje, kufanele kube inani. Luhlobo luni lwenani? Inani levolumu yento eguqukayo nezinga lokushisa. Hhayi-ke, njengoba ishintsha "ngezinga lokushisa", izoshintsha lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka futhi lehla. I-coefficient yokwandisa okushisayo esivame ukuyibiza ngokuthi i-ceramics empeleni i-coefficient yokwandisa ivolumu. I-coefficient yokunwetshwa kwevolumu ngokuvamile ihlobene ne-coefficient yokunwetshwa komugqa, cishe izikhathi ezi-3 ukunwetshwa komugqa. I-coefficient yokwandisa elinganiselwe ngokuvamile inesisekelo, okungukuthi, "ebangeni elithile lokushisa". Isibonelo, hlobo luni lwejika inani lika-20-400 degrees Celsius ngokujwayelekile? Uma uphikelela ekuqhathaniseni inani lama-degree angu-400 nama-degree angu-600 Yiqiniso, asikho isiphetho esinomgomo esingafinyelelwa ekuqhathaniseni.
Ngemva kokuqonda umqondo we-coefficient yokunweba, ake sibuyele esihlokweni sokuqala. Ngemva kokuba amathayela eshisiwe kuhhavini, anezigaba zombili zokunwetshwa nokufinyela. Masingacabangi izinguquko endaweni yokushisa ephezulu ngenxa yokwanda nokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa ngaphambilini. Kungani? Ngoba, ekushiseni okuphezulu, kokubili umzimba oluhlaza kanye ne-glaze kuyipulasitiki. Ukukubeka ngembaba, zithambile, futhi ithonya lamandla adonsela phansi likhulu kunokucindezeleka kwazo. Ngokufanelekile, umzimba oluhlaza uqondile futhi uqondile, futhi i-coefficient yokwandisa inomphumela omncane. Ngemuva kokuthi i-tile ye-ceramic idlule esigabeni sokushisa okuphezulu, ithola ukupholisa okusheshayo nokupholisa kancane, futhi i-ceramic tile iba nzima emzimbeni wepulasitiki. Njengoba izinga lokushisa liyancipha, umthamo uyancipha. Yiqiniso, uma i-coefficient yokunweba inkulu, i-shrinkage inkulu, futhi i-coefficient yokwandisa encane, iyancipha ukuncipha okuhambisanayo. Lapho i-coefficient yokwandisa yomzimba inkulu kune-glaze, umzimba uyancipha ngaphezu kwe-glaze ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa, futhi isitini sigobile; uma i-coefficient yokwandisa yomzimba incane kune-glaze, umzimba uyancipha ngaphandle kwe-glaze ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa. Uma kunezitini eziningi, izitini zizophendulwa, ngakho akunzima ukuchaza le mibuzo engenhla!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2024