Ungayenza kanjani i-cellulase ether?

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Cellulose Afers kufaka amakhemikhali ukuguqula iselula yemvelo, kuthathwe kuthathwe ngokhuni lwezinkuni noma ukotini, ngochungechunge lokuphendula kwamakhemikhali. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-cellulose 'tifer zifaka i-methyl cellulose (MC), i-hydroxyyethyl cellulose (HEC), i-hpmxypropyl methyl celtule (HPMC), i-carboxcypropyl cellulose (CMC), nabanye. Inqubo ngqo ingahluka ngokuya nge-ether ethile ye-cellulose ekhiqizwayo, kepha izinyathelo ezijwayelekile ziyafana. Nakhu umbono olula:

Izinyathelo ezijwayelekile zokwenza izithambiso ze-cellulose:

1. Umthombo weselula:

• Izinto zokuqala ziyi-cellulose yemvelo, imvamisa etholakala ku-solip pulp noma ukotini. I-cellulose imvamisa isesimweni sokuhlanzwa kwe-cellulose pulp.

2. I-Alkalization:

• I-cellulose iphathwa ngesisombululo se-alkaline, njenge-sodium hydroxide (NAOH), ukwenza kusebenze amaqembu e-hydroxyl ku-cellulose chain. Lesi sinyathelo se-alkalization sibalulekile ukuze kwenziwe kabusha.

3. Ukuthethelela:

• I-alkalised cellulose ifakwa ngaphansi kokuthezeka, lapho kwangeniswa khona amaqembu ahlukahlukene ether ku-cellulose backbone. Uhlobo oluthile lweqembu le-ether lwethulwe (i-methylylyl, i-hydroxyyethyl, i-hydroxypropyl, i-cardboxypropyl, njll.) Kuya nge-ether ye-cellulose oyifunayo.
• Inqubo yokusheshisa ifaka ukusabela kwe-cellulose enama-reagents afanele, anjengokuthi:
  • Ku-methyl cellulose (MC): Ukwelashwa nge-Dimethyl Sulfate noma i-methyl chloride.
  • Nge-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC): Ukwelashwa nge-Ethylene oxide.
  • I-hydroxypropylylylylylylyllose (HPMC): Ukwelashwa nge-propelene oxide ne-methyl chloride.
  • YeCarboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC): Ukwelashwa nge-sodium chlororoace.

4. Ukungathathi hlangothi nokugeza:

• Ngemuva kwe-etherification, i-cellulose etholwa ngokuvamile ayithathi hlangothi ukuze isuse noma iyiphi i-alkali esele. Umkhiqizo bese ugezwa ukuze uqede ukungcola kanye nemikhiqizo.

5. Ukomisa nokugaya:

• I-cellulose ether yomiswa ukususa umswakama owengeziwe bese kumiswa kube yimpuphu enhle. Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana bungalawulwa ngokususelwa kuhlelo lokusebenza okuhlosiwe.

6. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi:

• Umkhiqizo wokugcina we-cellulose ether uhlole izivivinyo zokulawula ezisezingeni elifanelekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ihlangabezana nokucaciswa okuthile, kufaka phakathi i-viscosity, okuqukethwe umswakama, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana, nezinye izakhiwo ezifanele.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose afers kwenziwa ngabakhiqizi abakhethekile besebenzisa izinqubo ezilawulwayo. Imibandela ethile, ama-reagents, kanye nemishini esetshenzisiwe ingahluka ngokuya ngezakhiwo ezifiselekayo ze-cellulose ether kanye nesicelo okuhlosiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zokuphepha zibalulekile ngesikhathi sezinqubo zokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali.