Ukuhlanganiswa okukodwa kunokulinganiselwa ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwe-gypsum slurry. Uma ukusebenza ngodaka lwe-gypsum ukufeza imiphumela egculisayo futhi uhlangabezane nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza, ama-admixtures ahlukene, ama-admixtures, ama-filler, kanye nezinto ezahlukahlukene ezidingeka zihlanganiswe futhi zihambisane ngendlela yesayensi nenengqondo.
01. Umlawuli we-cooagulation
Abalawuli bezinkinga ngokukhethekile bahlukaniswe ngabakwaRetaarders kanye ne-accelerator. Ku-Gypsum ohlanganisiwe ngodaka, kusetshenziselwa ama-retardars ngemikhiqizo elungiselelwe ngodaka lweParis, futhi ama-accelerator ayadingeka kwimikhiqizo elungiselelwe nge-gypsum ye-anhydrous noma isebenzisa ngqo i-gypsum.
02. I-Retarder
Ukungeza i-retarder ku-gypsum wokwakha izinto ezihlanganisiwe kuvimbela inqubo ye-hydration ye-hemihydrate gypsum futhi yande isikhathi sokusetha. Kunezimo eziningi ze-hydration of plaster, kufaka phakathi ukwakheka kwesigaba sodaka, izinga lokushisa lezinto ezibonakalayo lapho ulungiselela imikhiqizo, inhlawulo yezinhlayiyana, isikhathi ngasinye sethonya elithile elinethonya lokubuyisa umphumela , ngakho umehluko omkhulu kwinani le-retarder ezimweni ezihlukile. Njengamanje, i-retarder engcono ye-gypsum eChina yiprotheni eguquliwe (amaprotheni aphezulu) i-retardarder, enezinzuzo zezindleko eziphansi, isikhathi eside sokubuyisa, ukulahleka kwamandla amancane, isikhathi eside sokwakha, nesikhathi esivulekile sokwenza isikhathi eside. Inani elisetshenziswe lapho kulungiswa udaka lweStucco oluphansi ngokuvamile kungu-0.06% kuye ku-0.15%.
03. Coagulant
Ukusheshisa isikhathi esishukumisayo esishukumisayo nokwandisa isivinini esishukumisayo se-slurry kungenye yezindlela zokusheshisa kokuqina komzimba. Ama-coagulants ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ngamakhemikhali ngezinto zokwakha ze-anhydrite powder zifaka i-potassium chloride, potassium silicate, sulfate nezinye izinto ze-acid. Umthamo ngokuvamile u-0.2% kuya ku-0.4%.
04. I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi
Izinto zokwakha zokwakha ze-gypsum eyomile azihlukaniswe kuma-ejenti wokugcina amanzi. Ukuthuthukisa izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi le-gypsum Product Slurry ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi angaba khona ku-gypsum slurry isikhathi eside, ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle wokuqina we-hydration. Ukwenza ngcono ukwakhiwa kwezinto zokwakha i-gypsum powder, kunciphise futhi uvikele ukuhlukaniswa nokopha kwe-gypsum slurry, ukuthuthukisa ukugcwala kwe-slurry, ukwelula isikhathi sokuvula, nokuxazulula izinkinga zekhwalithi yobunjiniyela njengokuphambana kwamanzi. Ukuthi ngabe i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ilungile incike kakhulu ekuhlakazweni kwayo, i-solubity yayo, ukukhulisa, ukuqina okushisayo kanye nempahla eshisayo kanye nempahla ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi.
Kunezinhlobo ezine zama-ejenti okugcina amanzi:
①Cellulosic Water Retation ejenti
Njengamanje, okusetshenziswa kabanzi emakethe yi-hydroxypropyllylylylylylylylylylyl, kulandelwe yi-methyl cellulose kanye ne-carboxymethyl cellulose. Ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-hydroxypropyllylylylylk kungcono kunalokho kwe-methylcellulose, futhi ukugcinwa kwamanzi okubili kuphakeme kakhulu kunalokho kwe-carboxymethylcellellulose, kepha umphumela wokuqina kanye nomphumela wokuqina kanye nomphumela wokuqina kanye nobunzima be-carboxymethylcellellulose. Ezintweni zokwakha ezihlanganisiwe ze-gypsum, inani le-hydroxypropyl kanye ne-methyl cellulose ngokuvamile lingu-0.1% kuya ku-0.3%, futhi inani le-carboxymethyl cellulose lingu-0,5% kuye ku-0,0%. Inani elikhulu lezibonelo zohlelo lokusebenza lifakazela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe kwalokhu okubili kungcono.
② I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi esitashishi
I-Starch Water Retation ejenti isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi i-gypsum putty kanye ne-placeparpace plaster plaster, futhi ingabeka enye ingxenye noma yonke i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi e-cellulose. Ukungeza i-ejenti esuselwa emanzini-okugcina amanzi ku-gypsum dry powder wokwakha izinto zokwakha kungathuthukisa ukuwenza, ukusebenziseka kanye nokuvumelana kokuqina kwe-slurry. I-Starch-based esetshenziswa yi-Starch-based amanzi-egcina amanzi afaka isitashi se-tapioca, isitashi se-pregelatinised, isitashi se-carboxymethyl, kanye nesitashi se-carboxproppropyly. Inani le-ejenti ye-Starach-based amanzi-okugcina amanzi ngokuvamile ingu-0.3% kuya ku-1%. Uma inani likhulu kakhulu, lizodala isikhutha semikhiqizo ye-gypsum endaweni enomswakama, ezothinta ngqo ikhwalithi yephrojekthi.
③ gluggeza i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi
Amanye ama-adhesives asheshayo angadlala nendima engcono yokugcina amanzi. Isibonelo, 17-88, 24-88 polyvinyl Alcohol Powder, i-Tiaqing Gum kanye neGuar gum zisetshenziswa ezintweni zokwakha ezihlanganiswe e-gypsum ezifana ne-gypsum, gypsum putty glue glue. Kunganciphisa inani le-ejenti yokugcina amanzi e-cellulose. Ikakhulu ku-gypsum evuselelwa ngokushesha, ingashintsha ngokuphelele i-cellulose ether ether yokugcina amanzi ezimweni ezithile.
④ Izinto zokugcina amanzi e-inorganic
Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlanganisa ezinye izinto zokwakha amanzi ezintweni zokwakha ezihlanganisiwe ze-gypsum zinganciphisa inani lezinto ezithile zokugcina amanzi, zinciphise izindleko zomkhiqizo, futhi zidlale indima ethile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza nokukhiwa kwe-gypsum slurry. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo zifaka i-bentonite, kaolin, i-diatomaceous Earth, i-perlite powder, i-perlite powder, i-attapulgite Clay, njll.
05.-Namathelayo
Ukusetshenziswa kwezikhangiso ezinama-adhesives ezintweni zokwakha ezihlanganisiwe ze-gypsum kungokwesibili kuphela kuma-ejenti wokugcina amanzi nabathengi. I-gypsum selveling udaka, i-gypsum eboshwe ngesibopho, i-gypsum ye-caulsking, kanye ne-glue ye-gypsum ye-gyrsum konke kuhlukaniswa kusuka ezinamatheks.
▲ Uphunga Latex Latex
I-Featx evuselelayo ye-Latex isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-gypsum seldeling usimende, i-gypsum insulation complec, njp. Calking pulty, njll. Ikakhulu ku-gypsum ukuzimela ngodaka, futhi futhi ibambe iqhaza elikhulu ekunciphiseni Ukuhlehlisa, ukugwema ukopha, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukumelana kokuqhekeka. Umthamo ngokuvamile u-1.2% kuya ku-2,5%.
Utshwala obusheshayo obusheshayo
Njengamanje, i-polyvinyl esheshayo yotshwala esetshenziswa ngenani elikhulu emakethe ngu-24-88 no-17-88. Ivame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni efana ne-bonding gypsum, i-gypsum putty, i-gypsum composite yokufakwa okushisayo okushisayo okushisayo, nodaka lokufaka khona. 0.4% kuya ku-1.2%.
IsiGunga gum, iTiaqing Gum, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, isitashi i-ether, njll. Zonke zinamathela ngemisebenzi eyehlukene yokwakha e-gypsum ehlanganisiwe.
06. Mkhulu
Ukuqina ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukisa ukuzokwenza nokugcwala kwe-gypsum slurry, okufana nama-adhesives kanye nama-ejenti okugcina amanzi, kepha hhayi ngokuphelele. Eminye imikhiqizo emikhulu iyasebenza ngokuqina, kepha hhayi okuhle ngokwemigomo yokubumbana nokugcinwa kwamanzi. Lapho wenza izinto zokwakha i-gypsum eyomile kafulawa, indima enkulu ye-admixtures kufanele icatshangwe ngokugcwele ukuze usebenzise ama-admixtures kangcono futhi ngokunengqondo. Imikhiqizo esetshenziswayo esetshenziswayo ifaka i-polyyalide, i-tiaqing gum, gum gum, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, njll.
07. Umenzeli ongenisa umoya
Umenzeli ongenisa umoya, owaziwa nangokuthi i-ejenti ye-Foaming, isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezintweni zokwakha ezixutshwe e-gypsum ezifana ne-gypsum insulation compound kanye nodaka lwe-plaster. Air-entraining agent (foaming agent) helps to improve construction, crack resistance, frost resistance, reduce bleeding and segregation, and the dosage is generally 0.01% to 0.02%.
08. Defoamer
I-DeCoamer ivame ukusetshenziswa ku-grepsum self-flealed usimende kanye ne-gypsum caulking pulty, ongathuthukisa ubuntu, amandla, ukumelana namanzi kanye nokuhlangana kwezinhlamvu, futhi umthamo ngokuvamile u-0.02% kuya ku-0.04% kuye ku-0.04%.
09. Amanzi anciphisa i-ejenti
I-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi ingathuthukisa uketshezi lwe-gypsum slurry namandla omzimba oqinile we-gypsum, futhi imvamisa isetshenziswa ku-gypsum selveling udaka ngodaka nodaka lwe-plaster. Njengamanje, ukunciphiswa kwamanzi ngaphambi kwezindawo kubalwa ngokuya ngo-fluodity kanye nemiphumela yamandla abuyiselwe emuva, ama-melamine ahlehlise amanzi anciphise amanzi, ukuncishiswa kwamanzi okususelwa ekunciphiseni kwamanzi, okunciphise kwamanzi. Lapho usebenzisa amanzi anciphisa ama-ejenti ngezinto zokwakha zokwakha ze-gypsum, ngaphezu kokucabanga ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi namandla, ukunakwa kufanele nakho kukhokhwe esimweni sokubekelwa i-gypsum ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
10. Umenzeli ongavunyelwe
Isici esikhulu kunazo zonke semikhiqizo ye-gypsum ukumelana namanzi ampofu. Izindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu ophezulu zinezidingo eziphakeme zokumelana kwamanzi ngodaka ngodaka oluhlanganisiwe lwe-gypsum. Ngokuvamile, ukumelana kwamanzi kwe-gypsum elukhuni kuthuthukiswa ngokungeza amalungelo obumazi be-hydraulic. Endabeni yamanzi noma amanzi agcwele, ukungezwa kwangaphandle kwama-hydraulic admixtures kungenza ukuthi ukuthambisa i-coeffing ye-gypsum evuthayo ifinyelela ngaphezulu kwe-0,7, ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zamandla womkhiqizo. Ama-admixtures anamakhemikhali nawo angasetshenziswa ukunciphisa i-solubility ye-gypsum (okungukuthi, akhuphule i-coefficial ethambisayo), anciphise ama-adsorp we-gypsum emanzini (okungukuthi, anciphise isilinganiso somzimba oqinile wamanzi (okungukuthi , ukwehlukaniswa kwamanzi). Ama-ejenti angenamanzi e-gypsum angena ngaphansi kwama-ammonium afaka i-ammonium bolate, i-sodium methyl siliconate, i-silicone resin, i-saffice paraffin wax, kanye ne-silicone emulsion waterproofing ejenti enomphumela ongcono.
11. Isishukumisi esisebenzayo
Ukwenza kusebenze ama-anhydrites wemvelo namakhemikhali afaka ukunamathela nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zokwakha zokwakha ze-gypsum ezixubile. I-activator ye-acid ingasheshisa izinga lokuhlalwa kwe-hydration ye-anhydrous gypsum, ifinyeza isikhathi sokusetha, futhi ithuthukise amandla okuqala omzimba oqinile we-gypsum. Isishosholi esiyisisekelo sinomthelela omncane emazingeni okuqala we-hydration we-anhydrous gypsum, kepha angathuthuka kakhulu amandla omzimba oqinile we-gypsum, futhi angaba yingxenye yezinto eziqinile ze-gypsum emzimbeni oqinile we-gypsum, uthuthukisa ngempumelelo ukumelana kwamanzi kwe i-gypsum qinisa ubulili bomzimba oqinile. Umphumela Wokusetshenziswa kwe-acid-base activator compound activator ungcono kunaleso somsebenzisi owodwa noma oyisisekelo. Ama-acid ashukuphuli afaka i-potassium alum, i-sodium sulfate, i-potassium sulfate, njll. Izishoshovu ze-alkaline zifaka i-Quictime, usimende, usimende Clinker, Clivance DOLOMITE, njll.
12. Thixotropic amafutha
Izithambisi ze-Thixotropic zisetshenziswa ku-gypsum ezilinganiselayo noma i-gypsum yokufaka, enganciphisa ukumelana nokugeleza kodaka lwe-gypsum, anwebe isikhathi esivulekile, ukuvikela ukugcwala nokusebenza okuhle nokusebenza. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwakheka komzimba kuyafana, namandla aso aphezulu ayanda.
Isikhathi sePosi: APR-20-2023