IHydroxYethyl Cellulose (I-HEC) iyi-nonic, i-polymer esolulekile enamanzi etholakala ku-cellulose, i-polymer yemvelo etholakala ezindongeni zeseli zezitshalo. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kwizimboni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amakhambi emithi, izimonyo, upende, kanye nama-adhesives, ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuhle, kwakhiwa amafilimu, kanye nezakhiwo ze-mboleko. Ukulungiswa kwe-Hydroxyyethyl cellulose kufaka phakathi ukusheshisa kwe-cellulose nge-ethylene oxide ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline. Le nqubo ingadilizwa ibe yizinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile: Ukuhlanzwa kwe-Cellulose, i-Alkalised, ukusheshisa, ukungathathi hlangothi, ukugeza, nokomisa.
1. Ukuhlanzwa kwe-cellulose
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokulungiselela i-Hydroxyethyl cellulose ukuhlanzwa kwe-cellulose, ngokuvamile kutholwe kusuka kuma-pulp okhalweni noma kulayini wekotoni. I-Cellulose eluhlaza iqukethe ukungcola okufana ne-lignin, i-hemishellulose, kanye nokunye okukhishwe ngaphandle okufanele kususwe ukuze kutholakale iselvity ehlanzekile elungele ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali.
Izinyathelo ezihilelekile:
Ukucutshungulwa kwemishini: I-cellulose eluhlaza icutshungulwe ngomshini ukunciphisa usayizi wayo futhi yandise indawo yayo engaphezulu, yenza lula ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali okwalandela.
Ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali: I-cellulose iphathwa ngamakhemikhali afana ne-sodium hydroxite (NAOH) kanye ne-sodium sulfite (NA2S3) ukwehlisa i-lignin ne-hemishellulose, kulandelwe ukugeza nokukhipha i-cellulose emhlophe, enobuhlakani.
2. I-alkalization
Isembozo esihlanjululwe bese-ALkalised ukuze sisebenze ukuze siphendule. Lokhu kufaka ukwelapha i-cellulose ngesisombululo esinamanzi se-sodium hydroxide.
Ukuphendula:
Cellulose + Naoh → Alkali Cellulose
Inqubo:
I-cellulose imiswe emanzini, futhi isixazululo se-sodium hydroxide sengezwa. Ukuhlushwa kweNaoh kuvame ukusukela ngo-10-30%, futhi ukusabela kwenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-20-40 ° C.
Ingxube ivuselelwa ukuqinisekisa ukumuncwa okufanayo kwe-alkali, okuholela ekwakhiweni kwe-Alkali Cellulose. Lo mphakathi uphinde uvume ukubhekela i-oxide ye-ethylene, okwenza lula inqubo yokusheshisa.
3. Ukuthethelela
Isinyathelo esingukhiye lapho kulungiswa i-Hydroxyethyl cellulose ukusheshisa kwe-Alkali Cellulose nge-Ethylene oxide. Lokhu kuphendula kwethula amaqembu we-hydroxyethyl (-ch2ch2oh) emhlane we-cellulose, okwenza kube manzi-kuncibilike.
Ukuphendula:
Alkali Cellulose + Ethylene oxide → hydroxyethyl cellulose + naoh
Inqubo:
I-Ethylene oxide ingezwe e-Alkali Cellulose, kungaba nge-batch noma inqubo eqhubekayo. Ukusabela kuvame ukwenziwa ku-autoclave noma ingcindezi mpendulo.
Izimo zokuphendula, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa (50-100 ° C) nengcindezi (1-5 ATM), alawulwa ngokucophelela ukuze aqinisekise ukufakwa ngokuphelele kwamaqembu e-hydroxyethylyl. Izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni (DS) kanye ne-molar efakwa esikhundleni (i-MS) zingamapharamitha abucayi athonya izakhiwo zomkhiqizo wokugcina.
4. Ukungathathi hlangothi
Ngemuva kokuphendula ukusheshisa, ingxube iqukethe i-hydroxyethyl cellulose kanye ne-sodium hydroxide. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukungathathi hlangothi, lapho i-alkali eyeqile ihlukaniswe khona usebenzisa i-acid, ngokuvamile acid acid (CH3COOH) noma i-hydrochloric acid (HCL).
Ukuphendula: Naoh + hcl → NACL + H2O
Inqubo:
I-acid ingezwe kancane kwingxube yokusabela ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ukugwema ukushisa ngokweqile nokuvimbela ukonakaliswa kwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose.
Ingxube engathathi hlangothi bese ifakwa ngaphansi kokulungiswa kwe-PH ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingaphakathi kohlu olufunayo, ngokuvamile azungeze i-PH (6-8).
5. Ukugeza
Ukulandela ukungathathi hlangothi, umkhiqizo kufanele ugezwe ukuze ususe usawoti neminye imikhiqizo. Lesi sinyathelo sibalulekile ekutholeni i-Hydroxyyethyyl cellulose emsulwa.
Inqubo:
Ingxube yokusabela ihlanjululwe ngamanzi, futhi i-hydroxyethyl cellulose ihlukaniswe nge-filtration noma i-centrifugation.
I-hydroxyyethylls ehlukanisiwe igezwa kaninginingi ngamanzi ashubile ukuze asuse usawoti osele nokungcola. Inqubo yokuwasha iyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho amanzi yokugeza efinyelela ekuvuselelekeni okucacisiwe, okubonisa ukususwa kokungcola okuncibilikayo.
6. Ukomisa
Isinyathelo sokugcina lapho kulungiswa i-hydroxyethyl cellulose kumiswa. Lesi sinyathelo sisusa amanzi amaningi, sithela umkhiqizo owomile, oluyimpuphu esifanele izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza.
Inqubo:
I-hydroxyyethylls egeziwe egeziwe isatshalaliswa eminyameni yomisha noma idluliswa ngomhubhe omisiwe. Izinga lokushisa lokumisa lilawulwa ngokucophelela ukugwema ukonakaliswa okushisayo, ngokujwayelekile kusuka ku-50-80 ° C.
Ngenye indlela, ukomisa okufafaza kungasetshenziselwa ukomiswa okusheshayo nokulungile. Esomiswe ngokufafaza, isixazululo samanzi se-hydroxyethyyl solution sihlaselwe amaconsi amahle futhi somiswe emfuleni oshisayo womoya, okuholela kwi-powder enhle.
Umkhiqizo omisiwe bese ugayelwe usayizi wezinhlayiyana oyifisayo futhi ugcwele ukugcinwa nokusatshalaliswa.
Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Nezicelo
Kuyo yonke inqubo yokulungiselela, izindlela zokulawula ezisezingeni eliphakeme zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana nekhwalithi ye-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Amapharamitha asemqoka anjengokubona, izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni, okuqukethwe umswakama, nosayizi wezinhlayiyana kubhekwe njalo.
Izicelo:
Amakhemikhali: asetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ekhulayo, i-binder, kanye ne-stabilizer ekwakhekeni njengamathebulethi, ukumiswa kanye namafutha.
I-COSMETICS: Inikeza ukubonakala nokuthungwa kwemikhiqizo efana nokhilimu, ama-lotions kanye nama-shampoos.
Amapende nezimbobo: Izenzo njengokuqina okukhulu kanye nokuguqulwa kwe-Rheology, ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zohlelo lokusebenza nokuqina kwamapende.
Imboni yokudla: Imisebenzi njengesikhulu, i-Stabilizer, kanye ne-emulsifier emikhiqizweni yokudla ehlukahlukene.
Ukulungiswa kwe-Hydroxyyethyllluose kufaka uchungechunge lwezinqubo ezichazwe kahle zamakhemikhali nezinqubo ezihlose ukuguqula iselula ukwethula amaqembu e-hydroxyethyl. Isinyathelo ngasinye, kusuka ekuhlanzeni kwe-cellulose ukuyomisa, kubalulekile ekunqumeni ikhwalithi nokusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina. Izakhiwo eziguquguqukayo ze-Hydroxyyethyl cellulose zikwenza kube yisithako esibaluleke kakhulu kwizimboni eziningi, zigqamise ukubaluleka kokusebenza okuqondile kokukhiqiza ukufeza izidingo ezithile zezicelo ezahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi Seposi: Meyi-28-2024