Inqubo yokukhiqiza nokusebenza kwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)

I. Isingeniso

IHydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) iyi-polymer engeyona ionic encibilika emanzini esetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhishweni kukawoyela, ekubambeni, ekwakhiweni, kumakhemikhali ansuku zonke, ekwenzeni iphepha neminye imikhakha. I-HEC itholakala ngokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali e-cellulose, futhi izakhiwo zayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo kunqunywa ngokuyinhloko yi-hydroxyethyl substituents kuma-molecule e-cellulose.

II. Inqubo yokukhiqiza

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-HEC ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezilandelayo: i-cellulose etherification, ukuwasha, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukomisa nokugaya. Okulandelayo yisingeniso esinemininingwane yesinyathelo ngasinye:

I-cellulose etherification

I-Cellulose iqala ukuphathwa nge-alkali ukwenza i-alkali cellulose (Cellulose Alkali). Le nqubo ivamise ukwenziwa ku-reactor, kusetshenziswa isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ukwelapha i-cellulose yemvelo ukwenza i-alkali cellulose. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali imi kanje:

Iseli-OH+NaOH→Iseli-O-Na+H2OCell-OH+NaOH→Iseli-O-Na+H 2O

Bese, i-alkali cellulose ihlangana ne-ethylene oxide yakhe i-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ukusabela kwenziwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu, imvamisa engu-30-100 ° C, futhi ukusabela okuthile kungokulandelayo:

I-Cell-O-Na+CH2CH2O→Cell-O-CH2CH2OHCell-O-Na+CH 2CH 2O→Cell-O-CH 2CH 2OH

Lokhu kusabela kudinga ukulawula okunembile kwezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi kanye nenani le-ethylene oxide engeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufana kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

Ukugeza

Umphumela we-HEC ongahluziwe ngokuvamile uqukethe i-alkali engaphenduliwe, i-ethylene oxide nezinye izinto ezikhiqizwayo, ezidinga ukususwa ngokuwashwa kwamanzi amaningi noma ukuwashwa kwe-organic solvent. Kudingeka inani elikhulu lamanzi ngesikhathi sokugeza amanzi, futhi amanzi angcolile ngemva kokugeza adinga ukuphathwa futhi akhishwe.

Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni

I-HEC emanzi ngemva kokugeza idinga ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ngokuvamile ngokuhlunga kwe-vacuum noma ukuhlukaniswa kwe-centrifugal ukuze kuncishiswe okuqukethwe komswakama.

Ukomisa

I-HEC ephelelwe amanzi yomiswa, ngokuvamile ngokumiswa isifutho noma ukomisa i-flash. Izinga lokushisa nesikhathi kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile phakathi nenqubo yokomisa ukuze kugwenywe ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma ukuhlangana.

Ukugaya

Ibhulokhi eyomisiwe ye-HEC idinga ukugaywa futhi isefe ukuze kuzuzwe ukusabalalisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezifanayo, futhi ekugcineni yenze impushana noma umkhiqizo oyimbudumbudu.

III. Izici zokusebenza

Ukuncibilika kwamanzi

I-HEC inokuncibilika okuhle kwamanzi futhi ingancibilika ngokushesha emanzini abandayo nashisayo ukuze yakhe isixazululo esisobala noma esiguquguqukayo. Le mpahla ye-solubility iyenza isetshenziswe kabanzi njenge-thickener kanye ne-stabilizer kuma-coatings kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yansuku zonke.

Ukuqina

I-HEC ikhombisa umphumela oqinile wokuqina esixazululweni samanzi, futhi i-viscosity yayo iyanda ngokunyuka kwesisindo samangqamuzana. Le ndawo ejiyayo iyenza ikwazi ukudlala indima ekuqinisweni, ukugcina amanzi kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kwezingubo ezisekelwe emanzini kanye nodaka lokwakha.

I-Rheology

Isixazululo samanzi se-HEC sinezici eziyingqayizivele ze-rheological, futhi i-viscosity yayo iyashintsha ngokushintsha kwezinga le-shear, okubonisa ukuncipha kwe-shear noma i-pseudoplasticity. Le mpahla ye-rheological iyenza ikwazi ukulungisa uketshezi nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kwezingubo zokugqoka kanye noketshezi lokumba lwe-oilfield.

Emulsification kanye nokumiswa

I-HEC inezakhiwo ezinhle ze-emulsification kanye ne-suspension, ezingakwazi ukuzinzisa izinhlayiya ezimisiwe noma amaconsi ohlelweni lokuhlakazeka ukuze kuvinjelwe i-stratification kanye ne-sedimentation. Ngakho-ke, i-HEC ivame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni efana ne-emulsion coatings kanye nokumiswa kwezidakamizwa.

I-Biodegradability

I-HEC iwumphumela wemvelo we-cellulose onokubola okuhle kwe-biodegradability, akukho ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo okuluhlaza.

IV. Izinkambu Zokusebenza

Izigqoko

Ezingxenyeni ezisekelwe emanzini, i-HEC isetshenziswa njenge-thickener kanye ne-stabilizer ukuze kuthuthukiswe uketshezi, ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa nokugoqa kwezingubo.

Ukwakha

Ezintweni zokwakha, i-HEC isetshenziselwa udaka olusekelwe kusimende kanye ne-putty powder ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa nokugcinwa kwamanzi.

Amakhemikhali Ansuku zonke

Kuma-detergents, ama-shampoos, kanye nemithi yokuxubha, i-HEC isetshenziswa njenge-thickener ne-stabilizer ukuze kuthuthukiswe umuzwa nokuzinza komkhiqizo. 

Izinkundla zikawoyela

Emanzini okumba i-oilfield kanye ne-fracturing, i-HEC isetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-rheology kanye nezakhiwo zokumisa uketshezi lokumba futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokubhola nokuphepha.

Ukwenza amaphepha

Enqubweni yokwenza iphepha, i-HEC isetshenziselwa ukulawula uketshezi lwe-pulp futhi kuthuthukiswe ukufana kanye nezakhiwo zangaphezulu zephepha.

I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo okuhle kakhulu kwamanzi, ukuqina, izakhiwo ze-rheological, izakhiwo ze-emulsification kanye nokumiswa, kanye nokubola okuhle kwe-biodegradability. Inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza isivuthiwe. Ngezinyathelo ze-cellulose etherification, ukugeza, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ukomisa nokugaya, imikhiqizo ye-HEC esebenza ngokuzinzile kanye nekhwalithi enhle ingalungiswa. Ngokuzayo, ngokuthuthukiswa kwezidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, amathemba okufaka isicelo e-HEC azoba banzi.