I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (eyaziwa nangokuthi: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose,Cm, I-carboxymethyl, i-cellulose sodium, usawoti we-sodium we-caloxy methyl celtuleose) yimali esetshenziswa kakhulu nenani elikhulu elisetshenziswe emhlabeni namuhla izinhlobo zeselula.
I-CMC-NE yeDemo, iyi-cellulose derivative ene-glucose polymerization degree of 100-2000, kanye nesisindo esilinganiselwe samangqamuzana esingu-242.16. I-fibrous omhlophe noma i-granular powder. I-Odorless, ayinambitha, ayinambitha, i-hygroscopic, insoluble ku-organic solvents.
Izakhiwo eziyisisekelo
1. Isakhiwo samangqamuzana se-sodium carboxymethylcellellellose (CMC)
Yakhiqizwa okokuqala ngeJalimane ngo-1918, futhi yagcwala ubunikazi ngo-1921 futhi yavela emhlabeni. Ukukhiqizwa kwezentengiso selokhu kwatholakala eYurophu. Ngaleso sikhathi, bekungumkhiqizo ongcolile kuphela, wawusetshenziswa njenge-colloid ne-binder. Kusukela ngo-1936 kuya ku-1941, ukucwaninga kohlelo lokusebenza lwezimboni ze-sodium carboxymetyl celtulose kukhuthele impela, kwasungulwa amalungelo obunikazi athile akhuthazayo. Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II, iJalimane yasebenzisa i-sodium carboxymethylcellellellellulose ku-zokwenziwa detendents. AmaHercule enza i-sodium carboxymetylcellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellellulose ngo-1946, eyamukelwa njengesengezo sokudla esiphephile. Izwe lami laqala ukuyisebenzisa ngawo-1970, futhi lalisetshenziswa kabanzi ngawo-1990. Kuyinto esetshenziswa kabanzi nenani elikhulu kakhulu leselula emhlabeni namuhla.
Ifomula yesakhiwo: c6h7o2 (oh) 22ch2coonal formula molecular formula: c8h11o7na
Lo mkhiqizo ngusawoti we-sodium we-cellulose carboxymetyl ether, i-anionic fiber
2. Ukubukeka kwe-sodium carboxymelyl cellulose (CMC)
Lo mkhiqizo uSawoti we-sodium we-cellulose carboxylyl ether, i-anionic cellulose ether, omhlophe noma ugogo omhlophe noma ugogo omhlophe noma i-grange Kulula ukuhlakazeka emanzini ukwakha ikhambi le-colloidal elibonakalayo, futhi kuyakhohlisa ku-organic solvents njenge-ethanol [1]. I-PH ka-1% Isixazululo esinamanzi angama-1% ngu-6.5-8,5, lapho i-PH> 10 noma <5, i-viscosity ye-mucilage inciphisa kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kuhamba phambili lapho i-PH = 7. Uzinzile ukushisa, i-viscosity iphakama ngokushesha ngaphansi kwama-20 ° C, futhi ishintsha kancane ku-45 ° C. Ukushisa isikhathi eside ngenhla ngenhla kwama-80 ° C kungaba insalela i-colloid futhi kunciphise kakhulu ukuhlakanipha nokusebenza. Kuyancibilika kalula emanzini, futhi ikhambi lisobala; Kuzinzile kakhulu kusisombululo se-alkali, kepha kuhlotshiswe kalula lapho kuhlangana khona i-acid, futhi kuzolunga lapho inani le-PH lingu-2-3, futhi lizosabela nosawoti wensimbi we-polyvalent.
Inhloso Eyinhloko
Isetshenziswa njengesikhulu embonini yokudla, njengesithwali sezidakamizwa embonini yezemithi, futhi njenge-ejenti ye-binder ne-anti-redeposition embonini yansuku zonke yamakhemikhali. Embonini yokuphrinta nokudaya, isetshenziswa njenge-colloid evikela ama-ejenti kanye nama-pastes wokuphrinta. Embonini ye-petrochemical, ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yohlobo lokubuyiselwa kwamafutha lokuphupha uketshezi. [2]
Ukungalingani
I-sodium carboxyylcelcellellulose ayihambelani nezixazululo ezinamandla ze-acid, usawoti wensimbi, nezinye izinsimbi ezifana ne-aluminium, i-mercury ne-zinc. Lapho i-PH ingaphansi kuka-2, futhi lapho ixutshwe ne-95% ethanol, izulu lizokwenzeka.
I-Sodium Carboxymethyl celtulese ingakha ama-aggggomerates nge-gelatin ne-pectin, futhi nayo ingakha izakhiwo nge-collagen, ezingalungisa amaprotheni athile akhokhiswe kahle.
ubulungiswa
I-CMC imvamisa i-anionic polymer elungiselelwe ukuphendula i-cellulose yemvelo nge-caustic alkali ne-moochlororoy acid, ngesisindo samangqamuzana esingu-6400 (± 1 000). Imikhiqizo esemqoka yi-sodium chloride ne-sodium glycolate. I-CMC ingeyokuguqulwa kwemvelo yeselula. Inhlangano yokudla nezolimo yeNhlangano Yezizwe (i-FAO) kanye ne-World Health Organisation (WHO) ebize ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi "kuguqulwe iselula".
Izinkomba eziphambili ukukala ikhwalithi ye-CMC ziyi-degree yokufakwa esikhundleni (DS) nobumsulwa. Ngokuvamile, izakhiwo ze-CMC zihlukile uma ama-DS ehlukile; Lapho kukhuphuka izinga lokufaka esikhundleni sokufaka esikhundleni, elinamandla okusongela, kanye nokwenza okusobala nokuqina kwesixazululo. Ngokusho kwemibiko, ukuvela kosulwa kwe-CMC kungcono lapho izinga lokufaka esikhundleni se-0.7-1.2, kanye nokubonakala kwesisombululo salo esinamanzi amakhulu lapho inani le-PH lingu-6-9. Ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yayo, ngaphezu kokukhethwa kwe-ejenti yokuthepha, ezinye izinto ezithinta izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni nobumsulwa kufanele futhi zibhekwe, njengobudlelwano phakathi kwenani le-alkali ne-etherification, okuqukethwe kwamanzi, okuqukethwe kwamanzi ngaphakathi Uhlelo, izinga lokushisa, inani le-PH, ukugxilisa izixazululo nosawoti njll.
isimo sezwe samanje
Ukuze uxazulule ukushoda kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo (ukotini ocwengekile olwenziwe ngokotini wekotoni), eminyakeni yamuva nje, amanye amayunithi okucwaninga ngesayensi ezweni lami asebenzisana namabhizinisi ukuze asebenzise ngokuphelele i-Rice Straw, ukotini womhlaba (ukotini), kanye ne-Bean curd dregs ukukhiqiza i-CMC ngempumelelo. Izindleko zokukhiqiza zincishiswe kakhulu, ezivula umthombo omusha wezinto ezingavuthiwe zokukhiqizwa kwezimboni ze-CMC futhi uqaphela ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwezinsizakusebenza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindleko zokukhiqiza ziyancishiswa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-CMC ithuthuka ngokunemba okuphezulu. Ucwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-CMC ikakhulukazi kugxile ekuguqulweni kobuchwepheshe obukhona bokukhiqiza kanye nokwakhiwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, kanye nemikhiqizo emisha ye-CMC enezakhiwo ezihlukile, njenge- "Solvent-Slurry Way" [3] inqubo eye yathuthukiswa ngempumelelo phesheya futhi kusetshenziswe kabanzi. Uhlobo olusha lwe-CMC oluguquliwe ngokuqina okuphezulu luyakhiqizwa. Ngenxa yesilinganiso esiphakeme sokufakwa esikhundleni kanye nokusatshalaliswa okufanayo kokufakwa esikhundleni, kungasetshenziswa ebangeni elibanzi lemikhakha yokukhiqiza yezimboni kanye nezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusebenzisa izindawo zokuhlangabezana nezidingo eziphakeme zenqubo. Emhlabeni jikelele, lolu hlobo olusha lwe-CMC oluguquliwe lubizwa nangokuthi "Polyanionic Cellulose (PAC, Poly Anionic Cellulose)".
ukuphepha
Ukuphepha okuphezulu, u-Adi akadingi imigomo, futhi amazinga kazwelonke ahlelwe [4].
isicelo
Lo mkhiqizo unemisebenzi yokubopha, ukuqina, ukuqinisa, ukuqinisa, ukugcinwa kwamanzi nokumiswa.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC ekudleni
I-FAO futhi ovumile ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC ehlanzekile ekudleni. Kwavunywa ngemuva kokucwaninga okuqinile ngokwebhayoloji nobuthi kanye nokuhlolwa. Ukudla okuphephile (i-ADI) ye-International Standard yi-25mg / (kg · d), okucishe kube ngu-1.5 g / d umuntu ngamunye. Kubikwe ukuthi abanye abantu babengenayo ukusabela okunobuthi lapho ukuthathwa kufika ku-10 kg. I-CMC akuyona nje kuphela i-emulsifing spintilizer enhle kanye nokuqina ezihlelweni zokudla, kepha futhi inokuqina okuhle kakhulu nokuncibilika, futhi ingathuthukisa ukunambitheka komkhiqizo nokwelula isikhathi sokugcina. Inani elisetshenziswe ubisi lwe-soy, u-ayisikhilimu, u-ayisikhilimu, i-jelly, iziphuzo, namathini acishe abe ngu-1% kuye ku-1.5%. I-CMC nayo ingakha ukusakazwa okuzinzile okufakwe ngeviniga, isoso soya, uwoyela wemifino, ujusi wezithelo, i-gravy, ijusi yemifino, njll. Ikakhulu, inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwamafutha ezilwane nama-zemifino, amaprotheni nezisombululo zamanzi, okwenza ukuthi kwakhiwe i-emulsion enobunzima ngokusebenza okuzinzile. Ngenxa yokuphepha kwayo kanye nokuthembeka, umthamo wayo awunqunyelwe yi-National Food Hygiene Standard Adi. I-CMC ithuthukiswe ngokuqhubekayo ensimini yokudla, futhi ucwaningo ngokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium carboxymethylcellellulose ekukhiqizeni iwayini nakho kwenziwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC kwezokwelapha
Embonini yezemithi, ingasetshenziswa njenge-emulsion stibilizer yemijovo, i-binder kanye ne-ejenti eyakha amafulethi yamathebulethi. Abanye abantu bakufakazele ukuthi i-CMC iyisithwali sezidakamizwa esiphephile nesinokwethenjelwa i-Anticancer ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo eziyisisekelo nezilwane. Usebenzisa i-CMC njenge-membrane impahla, uhlobo lwethamo oluguquliwe lwemithi yendabuko yamaShayina yangyin shengji powder, i-yangyin shengji membrane, ingasetshenziselwa amanxeba okusebenza kwe-dermabr kanye namanxeba ahlukumezayo. Izifundo zemodeli yezilwane zikhombisile ukuthi ifilimu livimbela ukutheleleka kwesilonda futhi alinamehluko omkhulu ezingutsheni ze-gauze. Ngokuya ngokulawula izicubu ze-Fluid Flued Fluegation kanye nokuphulukiswa okusheshayo kwezilonda, le filimu ingcono kakhulu kune-gauze yokugqoka, futhi inomphumela wokunciphisa i-edema ye-postoperative kanye nokucasulwa yisilonda. Ukulungiswa kwefilimu okwenziwe nge-polyvinyl alcohol: I-Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose: Polycarboxyeneylenene ngesilinganiso esingu-3: 6: 1 iyisisekelo esihle kakhulu, kanti izilinganiso zokunamathela nobabili zikhuphukile. Ukunamathela kwalolukulungiswa, isikhathi sokuhlala sokulungiselela emgodini womlomo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemithi lapho kulungiswa kakhulu. I-Bupivacaine iyinhlangano yokubulala izinzwa enamandla, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ingabe ikhiqiza imiphumela emibi yenhliziyo lapho inoshevu. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi iBupivacaine isetshenziswa kabanzi emtholampilo, ucwaningo ngokuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kokuphendula kwayo okunobuthi bekulokhu kubhekwa kakhulu. Ucwaningo lwe-Pharmacological lukhombisile ukuthi ubuzwe njengento esetshenziselwa ukukhishwa okuqhubekayo ngesisombululo se-bupivacaine kunganciphisa kakhulu imiphumela emibi yomuthi. E-PRK Ukuhlinzwa, ukusetshenziswa kweTetracaine ephansi-okuhlushwayo kanye nezidakamizwa ezingezona ze-anti-infloidal ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganiswe ne-CMC zinganciphisa kakhulu izinhlungu ze-postoperative. Ukuvimbela Ukunikezwa Kwe-Peritoneal Peritoneal Peritoneal kanye nokuncishiswa kokuvinjwa kwamathumbu kungenye yezinkinga ezithintekayo kakhulu ekuhlinzweni emtholampilo. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi i-CMC ingcono kakhulu kune-sodium hyaluronate ekunciphiseni iziqu ze-Perpositive Pertitoneal, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengendlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela ukwenzeka kwezimpawu ze-peritoneal. I-CMC isetshenziswa e-Catheter Hepatic hepatic arterial arterial izidakamizwa zokulwa nomdlavuza ekwelashweni komdlavuza wesibindi, ongakwazi ukwandisa isikhathi sokuhlala imishanguzo yokulwa nomdlavuza emithini, athuthukise amandla okulwa nezimila, futhi athuthukise umphumela wokwelapha. Emithini yezilwane, i-CMC nayo inokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Kubikwe ukuthi [5] Ukufakwa kwe-intraperitoneal kwesisombululo esingu-1% CMC ku-Ewed kunomthelela obalulekile ekuvikeleni i-Dystocia kanye nokunamathela esiswini ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kweTract Tract efulethini.
Cmc kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni
Ku-detegents, i-CMC ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuphinda i-Redeposition yenhlabathi, ikakhulukazi izindwangu zokwenziwa ze-hydrophobic, ezingcono kakhulu kune-carboxymethyl.
I-CMC ingasetshenziswa ukuvikela imithombo kawoyela njenge-stibilizer stud stictillet kanye ne-ejenti yokugcinwa kwamanzi ekubizeni uwoyela. Umthamo womthombo ngamunye we-oyili u-2.3t we-Wells angajulile kanye ne-5.6T yemithombo ejulile;
Embonini yezindwangu, isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yezandla, isikhulisi sokuphrinta nokudaya unamathisele, ukuphrinta okwebeletha kanye nokuqedwa okuqinile. Lapho isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yezandla, ingathuthukisa i-soubity kanye nokubonakala, futhi kulula ukuyikhuthaza; Njengomenzeli oqinile, umthamo wawo ungaphezulu kwama-95%; Lapho isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yezandla, amandla nokuguquguquka kwefilimu usayizi kwathuthukiswa kakhulu; Nge-Fibroin evuselelekile ye-silk fibbrane ehlanganiswe ne-carboxyboxylyl celtule Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lapho i-Silica Gel Homonenate ilungiswa ngesisombululo se-CMC ngokuhluzwa okungama-1% (w / v), ukusebenza kwe-chromatogagraph kwepuleti elisezingeni eliphansi elilungiselelwe kuhamba phambili. Ngasikhathi sinye, ipuleti elincane elihlanganisiwe elihlanganiswe ngaphansi kwezimo ezisetshenziswe kahle linamandla angqimba, alungele amasu ahlukahlukene okusampula, kulula ukusebenza. I-CMC inama-adhesion kwimicu eminingi futhi ingathuthukisa ubuhlobo phakathi kwemicu. Ukuqina kokubonakala kwayo kungaqinisekisa ukufana kokuthambisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuluka. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-ejenti yokuqeda izindwangu, ikakhulukazi ekuqedeni okungapheli kwe-anti-shrinkle, okuletha ushintsho oluhlanzekile ezindwangu.
I-CMC ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ye-anti-sedimentation, emulsifier, ehlakazekile, umenzeli wokulinganisa, nokunamathela kwezimbozo. Kungenza okuqukethwe okuqinile kwe-coaging ngokulinganayo kusatshalaliswe ku-solvent, ukuze ukuhlanganiswa akuhambi isikhathi eside. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kumapende. .
Lapho i-CMC isetshenziswa njenge-flocculant, isebenza kahle kune-sodium gluconate ekususeni i-calcium ions. Uma isetshenziswa njengokushintshana kwe-cotion, umthamo wayo wokushintshana ungafinyelela ku-1.6 ml / g.
I-CMC isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yamaphepha embonini yamaphepha, engathuthukisa kakhulu amandla owomile namandla amanzi ephepha, kanye nokuphikiswa kwamafutha, ukumunyeka kwamanzi kanye nokumelana kwamanzi.
I-CMC isetshenziswa njenge-hydrosol kwizimonyo kanye nesikhudlwana ekuxhumaniseni izinyo, futhi umthamo wawo cishe u-5%.
I-CMC ingasetshenziswa njenge-flocculant, i-ejenti ye-ejela, i-emulsifier, i-emulsifier, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi, izibulala-mpilo, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi, ukuphrinta, ama-ceramics, amazinyo, nsuku zonke Amakhemikhali nezinye izinkambu, futhi ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kanye nohlu olubanzi lokusetshenziswa, luvulela njalo izinkambu ezintsha zohlelo lokusebenza, futhi ithemba lemakethe libanzi kakhulu.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela
(1) Ukuhambisana kwalo mkhiqizo nge-acid enamandla, i-alkali eqinile, kanye ne-aluminium esindayo (njenge-aluminium, i-zinc, i-mercury, isiliva, insimbi
(2) Ukudla okuvumelekile kwalo mkhiqizo kungu-0-25mg / kG · D.
Imiyalo
Hlanganisa i-CMC ngqo ngamanzi ukwenza i-glue ye-pasty ukuze isetshenziswe kamuva. When configuring CMC glue, first add a certain amount of clean water into the batching tank with a stirring device, and when the stirring device is turned on, slowly and evenly sprinkle CMC into the batching tank, stirring continuously, so that the CMC Fully integrated Ngamanzi, i-CMC ingancibilika ngokuphelele. Lapho ichithwa i-CMC, isizathu esenza ukuthi kufanele ifakwe futhi ivunyelwe ngokuqhubekayo "ukuvimba izinkinga ze-agglomeration, agglomeration, futhi inciphise inani le-CMC elichithiwe lapho i-CMC ihlangana ne-CMC. Isikhathi sokuvuselela asifani nesikhathi se-CMC ukuze sincibilike ngokuphelele. Ziyimiqondo emibili. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi sokuvusa amafushane kakhulu kunesikhathi se-CMC ukuze sincibilike ngokuphelele. Isikhathi esidingekayo kulaba bobabili kuncike esimweni esithile.
Isisekelo sokunquma isikhathi sokuvuselela yile: laphoCmAhlakazwe ngokufana emanzini futhi azikho izigaxa ezinkulu ezisobala, ukushukumisa ukuvezwa kungamiswa, kuvumela i-CMC namanzi ukungena nohlanga nomunye esimweni sokuma.
Isisekelo sokunquma isikhathi esidingekayo kwi-CMC ukuze sincibilike ngokuphelele kungokulandelayo:
(1) I-CMC namanzi ahlanganiswe ngokuphelele, futhi akukho ukwahlukaniswa okuqinile okuwuketshezi phakathi kwalokhu okubili;
(2) Ukunameka okuxubile kusombuthweni ofanayo, kanti ubuso buyisicaba futhi bushelelezi;
. Kusukela ngesikhathi lapho i-CMC ifakwa ethangini lokuvutha futhi lixutshwe namanzi kuze kube yisikhathi lapho i-CMC ichithwe ngokuphelele, isikhathi esidingekayo siphakathi kwamahora ayi-10 kuya kwangama-20.
Isikhathi sePosi: Apr-26-2024