Udaka ngodaka oluselungiselelwe, inani lokungezwa le-cellulose ether liphansi kakhulu, kepha lingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza ngodaka olumanzi, futhi luyisengezo esikhulu esithinta ukusebenza kodaka. Ukukhetha okunengqondo kwezithambekela ze-cellulose yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ama-viscosities ahlukene, ama-degree ahlukile wezinhlayiya, ama-degree ahlukene wokubonakala kanye namanani angeziwe azoba nomthelela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni koMuder oQinisekayo. Njengamanje, ama-masonry amaningi kanye nodaka oluphambayo banokusebenza okumpofu kokugcinwa kwamanzi, futhi ama-slurry amanzi azokwehlukanisa ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa yokuma.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kungukusebenza okubalulekile kwe-methylI-Cellulose Ether, futhi futhi kungukusebenza okuhlanganiswe nabakhiqizi bakaDotara abasekhaya basekhaya, ikakhulukazi labo abaseningizimu nezindawo eziphakeme zokushisa, banake. Izici ezithinta umphumela wokugcinwa kwamanzi wodaka olomile uhlanganisa inani le-MC elingeziwe, ubuciko be-MC, ubumba lwezinhlayiya kanye nokushisa kwendawo yokusebenzisa.
I-Cellulose Ether iyi-polymer yokwenziwa eyenziwe kusuka ku-cellulose yemvelo ngokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali. I-Cellulose Ether iyinto etholwa yiselula yemvelo. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether kuhlukile kwa-applemers zokwenziwa. Izinto zayo eziyisisekelo kakhulu ziyi-cellulose, i-polymer yemvelo yemvelo. Ngenxa yesehlakalo sesakhiwo semvelo se-cellulose, i-cellulose uqobo ayinakhono ukusabela nabenzeli bokuthembela. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-ejenti yokuvuvukala, izibopho eziqinile ze-hydrogen phakathi kwamaketanga amamolekyuli namaketanga abhujisiwe, futhi ukukhishwa okusebenzayo kweqembu le-hydroxyl kuba yi-alkali cellulose esebenzayo. Thola i-cellulose ether.
Izakhiwo ze-Cellulose Afers zincike ohlotsheni, inombolo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwabangeniswa esikhundleni. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezithathela ze-cellulose futhi kususelwa ohlotsheni lwabantu abathile, izinga lokuthezeka, ukugcwala kanye nezinto ezihlobene nezicelo. Ngokusho kohlobo lokufakazelwa okufakwa esikhundleni se-molecular chain, kungahlukaniswa nge-monothert ne-ether exubile. I-MC sivame ukuyisebenzisa i-monother, futhi i-HPMC iyi-ether exubile. I-Methyl Cellulose Ether MC ngumkhiqizo ngemuva kweqembu le-hydroxyl kuyunithi le-glucose le-mortule yemvelo lifakwa esikhundleni se-methoxy. Ingxenye yeqembu le-hydroxyl kuyunithi lifakwa esikhundleni yi-methoxy group, kanti enye ingxenye ithathelwa indawo yi-hydroxypropyl gerop. U-Ethyl Mellulose Cellulose Ether hemc, lezi yizindlela eziphambili ezisetshenziswa kabanzi futhi zithengiswe emakethe.
Ngokuya nge-solubity, ingahlukaniswa nge-ionic ne-nonic. Izithambiso ze-Sulluble Sulloble Cellulose ezingezona zamanzi zihlanganiswa ngokukhethekile ngochungechunge lwe-ALKYL TETER NE-HYDROXYallyl. I-Ionic CMC isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezihlalweni zokwenziwa, ukuphrinta kwendwangu nokudaya, ukudla kanye nokuhlola uwoyela. I-Non-ionic MC, i-HPMC, i-hemc, njll. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha, ukumboza kwe-latex, umuthi, i-ejenti yansuku zonke, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi, i-stabilizer kanye nefilimu eyakha i-ejenti.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether: Ekukhiqizweni kwezinto zokwakha, ikakhulukazi udaka owomile, i-ether ye-cellulose idlala indima engenakufinyeleleka, ikakhulukazi ekhiqizweni lodaka olukhethekile (udaka olushintshiwe), kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ebalulekile. Indima ebalulekile ye-cellule cellulose ether in gunda ikakhulukazi inezici ezintathu, enye ingumthamo omuhle kakhulu wokugcina amanzi, enye ithonya ekuguquguqukeni naseThixotropy lodaka, kanti okwesithathu kungukusebenzisana nosimende. Ukutholwa kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuncike ekufakweni kwamanzi kwesendlalelo sesisekelo, ukwakheka kodaka, ukushuba kongqimba lwesidakamizwa, ukufunwa kwamanzi ngodaka, kanye nesikhathi sokubeka izinto ezibonakalayo. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether ngokwako kuvela ku-solubity kanye nokuwohloka komzimba kwe-cellulose ether uqobo. Njengoba sonke sazi, yize i-cellulose molecular chain iqukethe inani elikhulu lamaqembu ah ama-oh ah, ayincibiliki emanzini, ngoba isakhiwo se-cellulose sine-crystallity ephezulu. Ikhono le-hydration lamaqembu we-hydroxyl ilodwa akwanele ukumboza izibopho eziqinile ze-hydrogen kanye ne-van der Waals amabutho phakathi kwama-molecule. Ngakho-ke, kudumba kuphela kepha kungancibiliki emanzini. Lapho kungeniswa esikhundleni esibangeni lamangqamuzana, hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi okufakwayo kubhubhise i-hydrogen chain, kodwa futhi nesibopho se-hydrogen sibhujiswa ngenxa yokwehla kwamaketanga aphansi phakathi kwamaketanga aphansi. Okukhudlwana, kukhudlwana ibanga phakathi kwama-molecule. Okukhulu ibanga. Uma kwenzeka kuba nomphumela wokubhubhisa ama-hydrogen bond, i-cellulose ether iba ukuncibilika kwamanzi ngemuva kokuthi isixazululo se-cellulose sinwebeka futhi kwakha isixazululo sokulungiselela. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-hydrate ye-polymer yenza buthaka, amanzi phakathi kwamaketanga axoshwa. Lapho umphumela we-dehydration wanele, ama-molecule aqala ukuhlanganisa, akha i-gel yenethiwekhi enezinhlangothi ezintathu bese esongelwa.
Izici ezithinta ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka zifaka ukubonakala kwe-cellulose ether, inani elingeziwe, ukubusa kwezinhlayiya kanye nokushisa kokusetshenziswa.
Lapho kukhuphuka khona i-ver ye-cellulose ether, okungcono ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi. I-Viscosity iyipharamitha ebalulekile yokusebenza kwe-MC. Njengamanje, abakhiqizi be-MC abahlukene basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene nezinsimbi ukukala ukubonakala kwe-MC. Izindlela eziphambili zinguHake Rotovisko, i-HIPPLER, UBBELOHDE kanye neBrookfield. Ngomkhiqizo ofanayo, imiphumela ye-visacosity elikalwe ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ihluke kakhulu, kanti ezinye zize zize ziphindwe kabili umehluko. Ngakho-ke, lapho uqhathanisa i-viscosity, kufanele yenziwe phakathi kwezindlela ezifanayo zokuhlola, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, i-rotor, njll.
Ngokuvamile ukukhuluma, ukukhuphuka okuphezulu, kungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, ukukhuphuka kwesisindo kanye nesisindo se-molecular se-MC, ukwehla okuhambisanayo kwe-solubelity yayo kuzoba nomthelela ongemuhle emandleni nasekusebenzeni kokwakha kodaka. Lapho kuphakama i-viscosity, kusobala kakhulu umphumela wokuqina kudaka, kepha akayona ngokuqondile. Lapho esekhuphuka i-viscosity, i-viscous mores owesimende izoba khona, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokwakha, kubonakaliswa njengokunamathela ku-scraper kanye nokunamathela okuphezulu kuya engxenyeni engezansi. Kepha akusizi ukwandisa amandla wesakhiwo sodaka olumanzi uqobo. Ngesikhathi sokwakha, ukusebenza kwe-anti-sag akubonakali. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukubonakala okuphakathi nendawo okuphansi kepha okulungiselelwe i-methyl cellulose kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amandla wesakhiwo sodaka lwamanzi.
Lapho imali enkulu ye-cellulose ether eyengezwe kudaka, ingcono ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi, kanye nokuphakama okuphezulu, ukusebenza okungcono kokusebenza kwamanzi.
Ngobukhulu bezinhlayiyana, abahle kakhulu, okungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Ngemuva kwezinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-cellulose ether zithintana namanzi, ingaphezulu lincibilika ngokushesha futhi lakha ijeli lokusonga lokho kuvimbela ama-molecule wamanzi ukuthi aqhubeke nokungena ekutholeni ukungena ngaphakathi. Kwesinye isikhathi akunakusakazwa ngokufana futhi kuncibilike ngisho nangemva kokushukumisa isikhathi eside, kwakha isixazululo esinamafu esinamafu noma i-agglomeration. Kuthinta kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether, futhi i-solubility kungenye yezinto zokukhetha i-cellulose ether. I-Fechness nayo iyinkomba yokusebenza ebalulekile ye-methyl celtulose ether. I-MC esetshenziselwa udaka lwe-powder eyomile iyadingeka ukuba ibe yimpuphu, okuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphansi, nobuciko futhi kudinga ama-20% ~ 60% kasayizi wezinhlayiyana kube ngaphansi kwama-63um. Ubuhle buthinta i-solubility ye-methyl cellulose ether. I-Coarse MC imvamisa i-granular, futhi kulula ukuyiyeka emanzini ngaphandle kwe-agglomeration, kepha izinga lokuchithwa lihamba kancane, ngakho-ke alilungele ukusetshenziswa ngodaka lwempuphu owomile. Ku-powder eyomile, i-MC ihlakazeka phakathi kwezinto zokubhala ezifana ne-aggregate, i-filler enhle kanye nosimende, futhi i-powder enhle kuphela engavikela ama-methyl cellulose agglomeration lapho uxubana namanzi. Lapho i-MC ingezwa ngamanzi ukuncibilikisa ama-agglomerates, kunzima kakhulu ukusakazeka futhi uncibilike. Ubude obuhle be-MC akugcini nje ngokuchitheka, kodwa futhi kunciphisa amandla endawo odaka. Lapho kufakwa i-powder eyomile endaweni enkulu, ijubane lokuphulukisa kodaka lwe-powder owomile lwasendaweni luzoncishiswa kakhulu, futhi imifantu izovela ngenxa yezikhathi ezihlukile zokwelapha. Owesifazane ofafazwe onokwakhiwa kwemishini, imfuneko yobunzima iphakeme ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokuxuba.
Ubumsulwa be-MC bubuye bube nomthelela othile ekugcinweni kwalo kwamanzi. Ngokuvamile, ngokujwayelekile, i-methyl cellulose izithatheketha ngokubonakala okufanayo kodwa kube nobunzima obuhlukile, ngaphansi kwenani elifanayo lezengezo.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-MC kuhlobene nokushisa okusetshenzisiwe, futhi ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose ether kuncipha ngokwanda kokushisa. Kodwa-ke, kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zangempela zezinto ezibonakalayo, udaka owomile lwe-powder luvame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezishisayo ezishisayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (aphezulu kunama-degree angaphandle aphezulu, okuvame ukusheshisa ukwelashwa kuka usimende kanye nokwenza lukhuni udaka owomile lwempuphu. Ukwehla kwezinga lokugcina amanzi kuholela emvelweni osobala wokuthi zombili ukuwenza nokumelana nokuqhekeka kuyathinteka, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ithonya lezinto zokushisa ngaphansi kwalesi simo ngaphansi kwalesi simo. Yize i-methyl hydroxyethyylylylsyl etherfides okwamanje athathwa njengento ephambili yentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ukuncika kwabo emazingeni okushisa kuzoholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kodaka owomile. Yize inani le-methyl hydroxyethyllls inyuswa (ifomula yehlobo), ukusebenziseka kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka namanje akwazanga ukufeza izidingo zokusebenzisa. Ngokusebenzisa okuthile okukhethekile ku-MC, njengokukhulisa izinga lokuthezeka, njll., Umphumela wokugcinwa kwamanzi ungagcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ukuze akwazi ukuhlinzeka ukusebenza okungcono ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqina kanye ne-twixotropy ye-cellulose ether: umsebenzi wesibili we-cellulose ether - ukuqina kuncike ku: izinga le-polymerization ye-polymerization ye-cellulose ether, ukuhlupheka kwesixazululo, izinga lokushisa kanye nezinye izimo. Impahla ecebile yesisombululo ihlukile ku-ALKYL Cellulose kanye nama-derivatives alo aguquliwe. Izakhiwo ze-gelation zihlobene nezinga lokufaka esikhundleni, ukugxilisa izixazululo kanye nezithasiselo. Nge-Hydroxyalkyl Decivatives eguquliwe, izakhiwo ze-gel nazo zihlobene neziqu zokuguqulwa kwe-hydroxyalkyl. Okwesizungu esiphansi i-MC ne-HPMC, i-10% -1115% Solution ingalungiswa, i-medium viveluay MC ne-HPMC ingalungiswa isixazululo esingu-5% -10%, ngenkathi isixazululo esiphezulu se-MC futhiI-HPMCIngalungiselela kuphela isixazululo esingu-2% -3%, futhi imvamisa ukuhlukaniswa kwendlela ye-cellulose ether nakho kufakwe isisombululo esingu-1% -2%. Isisindo esiphakeme se-molecular celvulosise ether sisebenza kahle kakhulu. Esixazululweni sokuhlushwa esifanayo, ama-polymers anezinsimbi ezihlukile zamangqamuzana ane -yize zibonakale ama-viscosities. Degree ephezulu. I-Viscosity Target ingatholakala kuphela ngokungeza inani elikhulu le-molecular isisindo se-cellulose ether. I-viscosity yayo inokuncika okuncane kwezinga le-shear, futhi i-viscosity ephezulu ifinyelela ekuboniseni okuqondiwe, futhi inani lentengo elidingekayo lincane, futhi i-viscoty incike ekusebenzeni kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukufeza ukungaguquguquki okuthile, inani elithile le-cellulose ether (ukugxila kwesixazululo) nesixazululo kufanele kuqinisekiswe. Izinga lokushisa le-gel lesixazululo libuye linciphise ngokuqondile ngokwanda kokuqoqwa kwesixazululo, nama-gel ama-gels ekushiseni kwekamelo ngemuva kokufinyelela kokuhlushwa okuthile. Ukuhlushwa kwama-gelling kwe-HPMC kuphakeme kakhulu emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
Ukungaguquguquki kungashintshwa futhi ngokukhetha usayizi wezinhlayiyana kanye nokukhetha izithambiso ze-cellulose ezinamazinga ahlukene wokuguqulwa. Ukubizwa okubizwa ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kwethula izinga elithile lokufaka esikhundleni samaqembu ama-hydroxyalkyl ngesakhiwo se-Skeleton se-MC. Ngokushintsha amanani wokufakwa esikhundleni salezi zinto ezimbili, okungukuthi, ama-DS kanye nama-MS ahlobene namagugu amaqembu e-methoxy ne-hydroxyalkyly esivame ukusho. Izidingo ezihlukene zokusebenza kwe-cellulose ether zingatholakala ngokushintsha amanani wokufakwa esikhundleni salezi zinto ezimbili.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kokuvumelana nokuguqulwa: Ukungezwa kwe-cellulose ether kuthinta ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kodaka, ukuguqula isilinganiso se-manzi-se-manzi yamanzi kanye nosimende kungumphumela wokuqina, kukhuphuka umthamo omkhulu.
I-Cellulose Tashers esetshenziselwa izinto zokwakha eziyimpuphu kufanele ichitheke ngokushesha emanzini abandayo futhi inikeze ukuvumelana okufanele kohlelo. Uma unikezwe isilinganiso esithile se-shear, kusaba yi-blocculent ne-colloidal block, okuwumkhiqizo ongaphansi noma ongemuhle.
Kukhona nobudlelwano obuhle obuqondile phakathi kokuvumelana kokufana kukakhonkolo kanye nomthamo we-cellulose ether. I-Cellulose Ether ingakhulisa kakhulu ukubonana kodaka. Okukhudlwana umthamo, umphumela osobala. Isixazululo esiphakeme se-cellule Izisombululo zamanzi ezinamanzi ze-MC POLYMERS zivame ukuba ne-pseudoplastic ne-non-twixotropic ephansi ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa le-gel, kodwa izakhiwo ze-Newtonia ezigeleza ngamanani aphansi. I-Pseudoplaltity inyuka ngesisindo se-molecular noma ukugxila kwe-cellulose ether, kungakhathalekile ukuthi uhlobo lokungena esikhundleni kanye nesilinganiso sokufaka esikhundleni. Ngakho-ke, i-cellulose i-Teshers yebanga elifanayo lokubonana, noma ngabe i-MC, i-HPMC, i-hemc, izohlala ikhombisa izakhiwo ezifanayo zembongo inqobo nje uma ukugxila nokushisa kugcinwa njalo. Ama-Gels ahlelekile akhiwa lapho izinga lokushisa liphakama, futhi ukuhamba kakhulu kwe-thixotropic kwenzeka. Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu nokuvulekezwa okuphansi kuselula Le mpahla inzuzo enkulu kulungiswa kokulinganisa nokugcoba ekwakhiweni kokwakhiwa kodaka. Kudinga ukuchazwa lapha ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwendlela kaCellulose Ether, okungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi, kepha kukhuphuka isisindo esiphakeme, kanye nokuncipha okuhlobene kwe-pullulose ether, kanye nokuncipha okuhambisanayo kwe-solubelity yayo, enomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kokugxila kodaka nasekusebenzeni kokwakha. Lapho kukhuphuka khona i-viscosity, kusobala kakhulu umphumela wokuqina kudaka, kepha alufani ngokuphelele. Ukubonakaliswa okuphakathi nendawo okuphansi, kepha i-ether eguqulwe ngokuguqulwa inokusebenza okungcono ekuthuthukiseni amandla wesakhiwo sodaka lwamanzi. Ngokwanda kwe-viscosity, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuyathuthuka.
Ukubuyiselwa emuva kwe-cellulose ether: umsebenzi wesithathu we-cellulose ether ukubambezela inqubo ye-hydration ka usimende. I-CelluleOse ether ifaka ngodaka ngezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezizuzisayo, futhi iphinde inciphise ukushisa kwe-hydration kokuqala kosimende nokubambezeleka kwenqubo enamandla kasimende. Lokhu akuthandeki ukusetshenziswa kodaka ezindaweni ezibandayo. Lo mphumela wokubuyiselwa emuva ubangelwa yi-adsorption of cellulose ether molecule emikhiqizweni ye-hydration efana ne-CSH ne-CA (oh) 2. Ngenxa yokwanda kokubonakala kwesisombululo se-pore, i-cellulose ether inciphisa ukuhamba kwama-ion kwikhambi, ngaleyo ndlela libambezele inqubo ye-hydration. Lapho kukhuphuka ukugcwala kwe-cellulose ether ezintweni ezimbiwe yi-mineral gel, okushiwo ngokwengeziwe umphumela wokubambezeleka kwe-hydration. I-Cellulose eTR ayigcini ngokubambezeleka kokuhleleka, kepha futhi ibambezeleka futhi inqubo enzima yohlelo lokugcina usimende. Umphumela wokugcina kabusha we-cellulose ether awunawo kuphela ukugxila kwawo kuhlelo lwe-gel lwamaminerali, kodwa futhi nasesakhiweni samakhemikhali. Iphakeme izinga le-methylation ye-hemc, ngcono umphumela wokubuyisa we-cellulose ether. Isilinganiso sokufakwa esikhundleni se-hydrophilic ekungeneleleni kwamanzi umphumela umphumela wokubuyisa unamandla. Kodwa-ke, ukubonakala kwe-cellulose ether kunomthelela omncane kuma-kinetics we-cement hydration.
Ngokukhuphuka kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether, isikhathi sokubeka udaka sandisa kakhulu. Kunokuhlobana okuhle kwe-nonlinear phakathi nesikhathi sokuqala sokusetha kodaka nokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether, kanye nokuxhumeka okuhle okuqondile phakathi nesikhathi sokugcina sokugcina nokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether. Singalawula isikhathi sokusebenza sodaka ngokushintsha inani le-cellulose ether.
Ukufingqa, ngodaka olumiswe ngomumo,I-Cellulose EtherUdlala indima ekugcinweni kwamanzi, ukuqina, ukubambezela amandla kasimende we-hydration, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kokwakha. Umthamo omuhle wokugcina amanzi wenza i-perment hydration ephelele ngokwengeziwe, ingathuthukisa ukubonwa okumanzi kodaka olumanzi, yandisa amandla eBonding oDinga, bese ulungisa isikhathi. Ukungeza i-cellulose ether ku-mechan fafaza udaka kungathuthukisa ukufafaza noma ukupompa ukusebenza kanye namandla enhlaka ngodaka. Ngakho-ke, i-cellulose ether iyasetshenziswa kabanzi njengesengezo esibalulekile ku-soture-verior-exutshwe ngodaka.
Isikhathi Seposi: APR-28-2024