I-CMC (i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) iyinhlanganisela ebalulekile ye-polymer encibilika emanzini edlala izindima ezihlukene ezibalulekile ekumbiweni okujulile kolwandle, ikakhulukazi ekulungiseleleni nasekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle koketshezi lokumba. Ukubhola olwandle kuwumsebenzi onezidingo zobuchwepheshe eziphakeme kakhulu nezimo zemvelo ezinzima. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza zikawoyela negesi zasolwandle, isikali nokujula kokumba olwandle kuyanda kancane kancane. Njengesengezo samakhemikhali esisebenzayo, i-CMC ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwenqubo yokumba.
1. Iqhaza elibalulekile kuketshezi lokumba
Ngesikhathi sokumba olwandle olujulile, uketshezi lokumba ludlala imisebenzi ebalulekile njengokusekela udonga lomthombo, ukupholisa i-drill bit, ukususa ama-chips, nokugcina umfutho we-downhole. I-CMC iyisilawuli se-viscosity esisebenzayo, i-rheological agent kanye ne-thickener, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekulungiseleleni uketshezi lokumba. Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko ibonakala kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
1.1 Ukujiya nokulungisa i-viscosity
Emgodini ojulile olwandle, ngenxa yokwanda kokujula kwamanzi nokucindezela, uketshezi lokubhoboza kufanele lube ne-viscosity ethile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugcwala kwawo kanye namandla okuthwala. I-CMC ingajiyisa ngempumelelo uketshezi lokumba futhi isize ukugcina ukuzinza koketshezi lokumba ezindaweni ezijulile nezingcindezi. Ngokulungisa ukugxila kwe-CMC, i-viscosity yoketshezi lokumba ingathuthukiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uketshezi lokumba lunezici zokugeleza ezifanele, ukuze lukwazi ukugeleza ngokukhululeka ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zolwandle futhi luvimbele izinkinga ezinjengokubhidlika kwe-wellbore.
1.2 Ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo ze-rheological
Izici ze-rheological zoketshezi lokumba zibalulekile ekubholeni olwandle. I-CMC ingathuthukisa ukugeleza koketshezi lokumba, ilwenze lugeleze ngokushelela ngaphansi komhlaba, inciphise ukungqubuzana phakathi kwe-drill bit nodonga lomthombo, inciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokuguga komshini ngesikhathi sokumba, futhi yandise impilo yesevisi yemishini yokumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ezinhle ze-rheological zingaqinisekisa futhi ukuthi uketshezi lokumba lungakwazi ukuthwala ama-cuttings ngokuphumelelayo futhi luvimbele ukuqoqwa kwezinhlayiya eziqinile oketshezini lokubhoboza, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe izinkinga ezifana nokuvinjelwa.
2. Ukuzinza kwe-Wellbore kanye nokuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-hydrate
Enqubweni yokumba olwandle, ukuzinza kwe-wellbore kuyindaba esemqoka. Izindawo ezijulile olwandle zivame ukubhekana nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuma komhlaba, njengokucindezela okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nokuchithwa kwenhlabathi, okungase kuholele ekubhidlikeni kwemithombo noma ukulahlekelwa uketshezi lokumba. I-CMC isiza ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kodonga lwe-wellbore futhi ivimbele ukuwa kwe-wellbore ngokwenza ngcono i-viscosity kanye nezakhiwo ze-rheological zoketshezi lokumba.
Emgodini ojulile wolwandle, ukwakheka kwama-hydrates (njengama-hydrates egesi yemvelo) nakho kuyindaba engenakuzitshwa. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphansi nezimo ezicindezelayo, ama-hydrates egesi yemvelo akhiwa kalula phakathi nenqubo yokumba futhi abangele ukuvala uketshezi lokumba. Njenge-ejenti ye-hydration ephumelelayo, i-CMC ingavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukwakheka kwama-hydrates, igcine uketshezi loketshezi lokumba, futhi iqinisekise ukuqhubeka kahle kokusebenza kokumba.
3. Yehlisa umthelela kwezemvelo
Ngokukhula kwezidingo zokuvikela imvelo eziqinile, umthelela endaweni ezungezile ngesikhathi sokumba ujule wolwandle uthole ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC ekubhoboleni ekujuleni kolwandle kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi oketshezini lokumba. Njengempahla yemvelo, i-CMC inokubola okuhle kwe-biodegradability kanye nobungane bemvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunganciphisa ubuthi boketshezi lokumba futhi kunciphise ukungcoliswa kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CMC ingaphinda ithuthukise izinga lokugaywa kabusha koketshezi lokumba. Ngokulungisa ngokuphumelelayo ukusebenza koketshezi lokumba, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa uketshezi lokumba, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi uketshezi lokumba lungasetshenziswa kabusha ngokuphindaphindiwe, umthwalo endaweni yasolwandle ngesikhathi sokumba uyancipha. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kokumba olwandle olujulile.
4. Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokubhola nokuphepha
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC akuthuthukisi kuphela ukusebenza koketshezi lokumba olujulile lolwandle, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokumba kanye nokuphepha kokusebenza ngezinga elithile. Okokuqala, i-CMC ingenza uketshezi lokumba luvumelane kangcono nezimo ezihlukahlukene zejoloji, inciphise isenzakalo sepayipi elivaleleke nokuvaleka ngesikhathi sokumba, futhi iqinisekise ukuqhubeka kahle kokusebenza kokumba. Okwesibili, ukusebenza koketshezi lokumba okuzinzile kungathuthukisa ukunemba kokumba futhi kugweme ukwehluleka kokumba okubangelwa udonga lwemithombo olungazinzile noma ezinye izici. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CMC inganciphisa ngempumelelo ubungozi bokuguquguquka kwengcindezi ye-downhole, inciphise izimo eziyingozi njengokuqhunyiswa nokufuthwa ngodaka okungenzeka ngesikhathi sokumba, futhi iqinisekise ukuphepha kokusebenza.
5. Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko kanye nomnotho
Nakuba isicelo ofI-CMCizokwandisa izindleko ezithile, lezi zindleko ziyalawuleka uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kokumba kanye nesiqiniseko sokuphepha esikulethayo. I-CMC ingathuthukisa ukuzinza koketshezi lokumba futhi inciphise isidingo sezinye izithasiselo zamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise izindleko zizonke zoketshezi lokumba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC kunganciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwemishini kanye nezindleko zokuyilungisa, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kokumba imisebenzi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kulethe izinzuzo eziphezulu zezomnotho.
Njengesengezo samakhemikhali esisebenza kahle kakhulu, i-CMC idlala indima ebalulekile ekumbiweni okujulile kolwandle. Ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza koketshezi lokumba futhi ithuthukise ukuzinza kwe-wellbore, kodwa futhi ivimbele ngempumelelo ukwakheka kwama-hydrates, inciphise ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokubhola olwandle kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kwezidingo zokuvikela imvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC kuzokwanda kakhulu futhi kube enye yezinto ezibalulekile ezibalulekile ekumbeni olwandle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-21-2024