Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-cellulose, futhi yimuphi umehluko ekusetshenzisweni kwazo?

I-Cellulose iyi-polymer yemvelo eguquguqukayo futhi eningi etholakala ezindongeni zamangqamuzana ezitshalo, ehlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwesakhiwo kanye nokuqina. Yakhiwe ngamayunithi eglucose axhunywe ndawonye ngamabhondi e-β-1,4-glycosidic. Nakuba i-cellulose ngokwayo iyinto efana ne-homogeneous, indlela ehlelwe ngayo futhi icutshungulwa ngayo iphumela ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene ezinezakhiwo ezihlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo.

1.I-Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC):

I-MCCikhiqizwa ngokwelapha imicu ye-cellulose nge-mineral acid, okuholela ezinhlayiyeni ezincane, eziyikristalu.
Isetshenziswa: Isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-ejenti yobuningi, i-binder, kanye ne-disintegrant ekwakhiweni kwemithi njengamaphilisi namaphilisi. Ngenxa yemvelo yayo engasebenzi kanye nokucindezelwa okuhle kakhulu, i-MCC iqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwezidakamizwa okufanayo futhi yenza kube lula ukukhululwa kwezidakamizwa.

2.I-Cellulose Acetate:

I-Cellulose acetate itholakala nge-acetylating cellulose nge-acetic anhydride noma i-acetic acid.
Ukusetshenziswa: Lolu hlobo lwe-cellulose luvame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni imicu yendwangu, kuhlanganise nezingubo kanye ne-upholstery. Iphinde isetshenziswe ekwenzeni izihlungi zikagwayi, ifilimu yezithombe, kanye nezinhlobo ezehlukene zolwelwesi ngenxa yemvelo yayo engakwazi ukungena kalula.

3.Ethylcellulose:

I-Ethylcellulose itholakala ku-cellulose ngokuyiphendula nge-ethyl chloride noma i-ethylene oxide.
Ukusetshenziswa: Izakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha ifilimu kanye nokumelana nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo kwenza i-ethylcellulose ifanele ukumboza amaphilisi emithi, inikeze ukukhululwa okulawulwayo kwezidakamizwa. Ukwengeza, isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni oyinki, ama-adhesives, nama-coatings akhethekile.

4.Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC):

I-HPMCihlanganiswa ngokufaka amaqembu e-hydroxyl e-cellulose esikhundleni samaqembu e-methyl ne-hydroxypropyl.
Ukusetshenziswa: I-HPMC isebenza njenge-thickener, stabilizer, kanye ne-emulsifier ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa ukudla, izimonyo, kanye nemithi. Ivamise ukutholakala emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu njengamaloshini, okhilimu, namafutha okugcoba, kanye nasezintweni zokudla ezifana namasoso, okokugqoka kanye no-ayisikhilimu.

5.I-Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC):

I-CMC ikhiqizwa ngokwelapha i-cellulose nge-chloroacetic acid ne-alkali.
Ukusetshenziswa: Ngenxa yokuncibilika kwawo okuphezulu kwamanzi kanye nezakhiwo ezishubile,I-CMCisetshenziswa kakhulu njengesilungisi sokuzinzisa kanye ne-viscosity emikhiqizweni yokudla, kwezemithi, nasezinhlelweni zezimboni. Ivame ukutholakala ezimpahleni ezibhakwayo, emikhiqizweni yobisi, umuthi wokuxubha amazinyo, nezihlanzi.

6.Nitrocellulose:

I-nitrocellulose ikhiqizwa nge-nitrate cellulose ngengxube ye-nitric acid ne-sulfuric acid.
Isetshenziswa: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni iziqhumane, ama-lacquers, namapulasitiki e-celluloid. Ama-lacquers asekelwe ku-nitrocellulose adumile ekuqedeni izinkuni kanye nezingubo zezimoto ngenxa yokomisa kwawo okusheshayo kanye nezakhiwo ezicwebezelayo eziphezulu.

7. I-Bacterial Cellulose:

I-cellulose yebhaktheriya ihlanganiswa izinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane ngokuvutshelwa.
Ukusetshenziswa: Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, amandla aqinile, kanye nokuvumelana kwe-biocompatibility, kwenza i-cellulose yebhaktheriya ibe yigugu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-biomedical efana nokubopha amanxeba, ama-scaffolds wobunjiniyela bezicubu, nezinhlelo zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-cellulose zinikeza inhlobonhlobo yezicelo kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ezemithi, izindwangu, ukudla, izimonyo, kanye nokukhiqiza. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinto ezihlukile ezilwenza lufanelekele ukusetshenziswa okuthile, kusukela ekunikezeni ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo kumaphilisi emithi kuya ekuthuthukiseni ukuthungwa kwemikhiqizo yokudla noma ukusebenza njengendlela eqhubekayo ku-biotechnology. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kunika amandla ukukhethwa okufanelana nezinhlobo ze-cellulose ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko ezithile zokusebenza ezinhlelweni ezihlukene.