Yini ama-admixtures futhi yini izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-admixtures?

I-Admixtures iyiqembu lezinto ezingezwe kukhonkolo, ngosimende, noma ku-grout ngesikhathi sokuxuba ukuguqula izinto zalo noma ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo. Lezi zinto zokwenziwa zihlukile ezithandweni eziyinhloko zokhonkolo (usimende, ama-aggregates, amanzi) futhi zisetshenziswa ngamanani amancane ukufeza imiphumela ethile oyifunayo. Ama-Admixtures angaguqula izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zikakhonkolo, kufaka phakathi umsebenzi, ukusetha isikhathi, amandla, ukuqina, kanye nokumelana nezici zezemvelo. Banikeza ukuguquguquka emklamweni wekhonkrithi wokuxubana, okuvumela onjiniyela kanye nabakhi ukuthi basebenzise izidingo ezithile zokhonkolo ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi. Nazi izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-admixtures ezisetshenziswa ekwakheni:

1. Ukunciphisa amanzi okunciphisa amanzi (amapulasitiki noma ama-superplastizers):

• Ama-admixtures anciphisa amanzi angezeliso anciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi okudingekayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukhonkolo ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukusebenza kwawo. Bathuthukisa ukugeleza kanye nokusebenza kwezingxube zokhonkolo, okuvumela ukubekwa okulula kanye nokusebenzisana. Amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu ngokhonkolo ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile zokubeka, ngenkathi ama-superplastimizer asetshenziswa kukhonkolo edinga izikhathi zokubeka ezeluliwe.

2. Ukubuyisa ama-admixtures:

• Ukubuyisa ama-admixtures kubambezela isikhathi sokusetha kukakhonkolo, udaka, noma i-grout, evumela ukukhiqizwa okuhlala isikhathi eside kanye nesikhathi sokubekwa. Zilusizo ikakhulukazi ezimweni zezulu ezishisayo noma amaphrojekthi amakhulu lapho ukubambezeleka kokuhamba, ukubekwa, noma ukuqeda kulindeleke.

3. Ukusheshisa ama-admixtures:

• Ukusheshisa ama-advixtures kwandisa izinga lokuhlelwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwangaphambi kokhonkolo, udaka, noma i-grout, okuvumela inqubekela phambili yokwakha esheshayo kanye nokususwa kwefomu lokuqala. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni zezulu ezibandayo noma lapho kudingeka khona amandla okuqina okusheshayo.

4. Ama-admixtures afaka umoya:

• Ama-admixtures afaka umoya angenisa ama-microscopic air Bubble ngokhonkolo noma ngodaka, ethuthukisa ukumelana kwawo nemijikelezo ye-freeze-thaw, ukukala, kanye ne-abrasion. Bathuthukisa ukusebenziseka nokuqina kokhonkolo ezimweni zezulu ezinzima futhi kunciphise ubungozi bokulimala kokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa.

I-5.

• Ukubuyisa ama-admixtures angenisa umoya ahlanganisa izakhiwo zokubuyisa kanye nokufaka umoya, ukubambezela isikhathi sokusetha ukhonkolo ngenkathi ufaka umoya ukuze uthuthukise ukumelana kwawo kwe-free-thaw. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni sezulu ezibandayo noma ngokhonkolo okuvezwe ukuqhwa kanye nemijikelezo ethambile.

I-6.

• I-Corososion-inhibiting admixtures ivikela ukuqiniswa kwensimbi okushumekiwe kukhonkolo kusuka ekugcekeni okubangelwa ukuvezwa komswakama, ama-chlorides, noma amanye ama-ejenti anolaka. Banweba impilo yenkonzo yezakhiwo zokhonkolo futhi banciphisa izindleko zokulungisa kanye nokulungisa.

7. Shrinkage-ukunciphisa ama-admixtures:

• I-Shrinkage-enciphisa ama-admixtures anciphisa ukomisa i-shrinkage ngokhonkolo, ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuqhekeka kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuqina kwesikhathi eside. Ziwusizo ekubekeni kokhonkolo ezinkulu, izinto ze-precast, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kokhonkolo okuphezulu.

8. I-Admixtures engangeni manzi:

• Ama-admixtures angavimbela amanzi athuthukisa ukungahambisani kokhonkolo, anciphisa ukungena kwamanzi futhi avikele izindaba ezihlobene nomswakama ezifana ne-efferescence, ukudonswa kanye nokugqwala. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezakhiweni zebanga elingezansi, izisekelo, imigudu kanye nezakhiwo ezigcina amanzi.

9. I-Coloring Admixtures:

• I-Colouting Admixtures yengezwa kukhonkolo ukuze idlulisele umbala noma ukufeza imiphumela yokuhlobisa. Beza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi imibala, amabala, amadayi kanye nama-sealers, avumela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwezimali zokhonkolo ezilinganisweni.

10. I-RHEOLOGY - I-Admixtures eguqula:

• I-Rheelogy - Ukuguqula ama-admixtures aguqula ukugeleza kanye nezimbotshana zikakhonkolo, udaka, noma i-grout ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza, ukuncipha, noma ukulawulwa kwe-viscosity. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ekuzihlanganisakiseni ukhonkolo, i-shotrete, kanye nokuhlangana kokhonkolo okuphezulu.

Lezi ezinye zezinhlobo eziphambili ze-admixtures ezisetshenziswa ekwakheni, ngalinye linikeza izinzuzo ezithile kanye nezicelo zokwenza kahle ukusebenza kokhonkolo kanye nezidingo zephrojekthi ezihlangabezana nazo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukhethe futhi ufake ama-admixtures afanele ngokususelwa ekucacisweni kwephrojekthi, izimo zemvelo, kanye nenqubo yokusebenza.