Yini izitha ze-cellulose ezenziwe

I-Cellulose Tashers iyisigaba esijabulisayo sezinhlanganisela ezisuselwa ku-cellulose, elinye lama-polymers wemvelo anawo kakhulu emhlabeni. Lezi zinto eziguquguqukayo zithola izinhlelo zokusebenza kwizimboni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amakhambi, ukudla, izimonyo, ukwakhiwa kanye nezindwangu, ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezihlukile kanye nokusebenza.

1. Ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo ze-cellulose:

I-Cellulose yi-polysaccharide ehlanganisa amaketanga amade ama-glucose amayunithi axhumeke ndawonye ngu-β (1 → 4) amabhondi e-glycosiic. Amayunithi aphindaphindwayo ama-glucose ahlinzeka nge-cellulose ngesakhiwo esiqondile neqinile. Le lungiselelo lesakhiwo liphumela ekubondlweni okuqinile kwe-hydrogen phakathi kwamaketanga aseduze, okufaka isandla ezingxenyeni ezinhle kakhulu zemishini zeselula.

Amaqembu we-Hydroxyl (-OH) Akhona eCellulose Chain enza kube yi-hydrophilic kakhulu, ukuvumela ukuba kumunca futhi kugcinwe amanani amakhulu amanzi. Kodwa-ke, i-cellulose ibonisa i-solubility empofu kuma-solvents amaningi aphilayo ngenxa yenethiwekhi yayo eqinile ye-hydrogen bonding yenethiwekhi.

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I-Cellulose Afers iyinhlangano etholwa yi-cellulosi Lokhu kulungiswa kuguqula izakhiwo ze-cellulose, okwenza kuncibilike kakhulu emanzini kanye nezinto eziphilayo ngenkathi zigcina ezinye zezimpawu zayo ezingokwemvelo, njenge-biodeglamability kanye nobuthi.

3. Synthesis we-Cellulose Afers:

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezithathela ze-cellulose kuhlanganisa ukusheshisa kwamaqembu we-cellulose hydroxyl namaqembu ahlukahlukene ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo. Ama-reagents ajwayelekile asetshenziselwa ukusheshisa afaka ama-alkyl haldes, i-alkylene oxides, nama-alkyll halides. Izimo zokuphendula ezinjengokushisa, i-solvent, kanye nama-carlysts adlala indima ebalulekile ekutholeni izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni (DS) kanye nezakhiwo ze-ether yeselula ephumela.

4. Izinhlobo ze-cellulose tesher:

I-Cellulose Afers ingahlukaniswa ngokususelwa kuhlobo lokufakwa esikhundleni okunamathiselwe emaqenjini ama-hydroxyl. Ezinye zezitha ze-cellulose ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zihlanganisa:

I-methyl cellulose (MC)

I-Hydroxypropylllul (HPC)

I-Hydroxyyethyl cellulose (HEC)

I-Ethyl Hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC)

I-Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC)

Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-cellulose ether lukhombisa izakhiwo ezihlukile futhi lufanele izinhlelo ezithile ngokuya ngesakhiwo sayo samakhemikhali kanye nezinga lokufaka esikhundleni.

I-5. Izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimali ze-cellulose:

I-Cellulose Tashers inikela ngezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezinenzuzo ezibenza zibaluleke kakhulu kwizimboni ezahlukahlukene:

Ukuqina kanye nokuzinza: Izimpipho Ezisetshenziswayo zeCellulose zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengabakhuthele kanye nabazinzayo ekudleni, emikhakheni kanye nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu. Bathuthukisa ukubonwa kanye nezakhiwo ze-rheological of solutions kanye nama-emulsions, ukuthuthukisa ukuqina komkhiqizo kanye nokuthungwa.

Ukwakheka kwamafilimu: Ama-Cellulose Afers angakha amafilimu aguqukayo nawokusobala lapho ahlakazeka emanzini noma ezinhlamvu ze-organic. Lawa mafilimu athola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezitsheni, ukupakisha, kanye nezinhlelo zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa.

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi: Imvelo ye-hydrophilic ye-cellulose ashers ibenza bakwazi ukudonsa futhi bagcine amanzi, benze izithasiselo ezibalulekile ezintweni zokwakha ezinjengemikhiqizo yokwakha usimende, ngodaka, kanye nemikhiqizo ye-gypsum. Benza ngcono ukukhiqizwa, ukunamathela, nokuqina kwalezi zinto zokwakha.

Ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa: Izimpi ze-Cellulose zisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwemithi njenge-Excipients ukulawula ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa, ukuthuthukisa ama-bioavailability, kanye namamaski okuthanda kakhulu noma iphunga. Zivame ukuqashwa kumathebulethi, amaphilisi, ama-ointmentions, kanye nokumiswa.

Ukuguqulwa komhlaba: I-Cellulose Tather ingashintshwa ngamakhemikhali ukwethula amaqembu asebenzayo adlulisela izakhiwo ezithile ezifana nomsebenzi wokulwa namalangabi, i-flame retardan, noma i-biocomitity. Lezi zi-Cellulose eziguquliwe zithola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlotsheni ezikhethekile, izindwangu, namadivayisi we-biomedical.

6. Umthelela wezemvelo kanye nokusimama:

I-Cellulose Afers itholakala kwizinsizakusebenza ezivuselelekayo ezinjenge-Wood Pulp, ukotini, noma ezinye izicucu zezitshalo, zibenze zigcinelwe ngokwemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayinto engathandeki futhi ayinobuthi, ibeka engcupheni emncane yemvelo ngokuqhathaniswa nama-polymers okwenziwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanganiswa kwezithathela zeCellulose kungafaka ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okudinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ukunciphisa imfucuza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

7. Imibono yesikhathi esizayo:

Isidingo sezithathela ze-cellulose kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke ngenxa yokukhula ngenxa yezindawo zabo eziguquguqukayo kanye nemvelo enobungane bemvelo. Imizamo yokucwaninga eqhubekayo igxile ekuthuthukiseni izithasiselo zeveli supelulose ngokusebenza okuthuthukile, ukucubungula okuthuthukile, kanye nezakhiwo ezenziwe ngezicelo ezithile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-cellulose izithathekisa ubuchwepheshe obuqhamukayo njengokuphrinta kwe-3D, ama-nanocomos, kanye nezinto zokwakha i-biomedical zibamba isithembiso sokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo nokufinyelela emakethe.

AbakwaCelculleLose Abathetheke bamelela isigaba esibalulekile sezinhlanganisela ezinezicelo ezahlukahlukene ezihambela izimboni eziningi. Inhlanganisela yabo eyingqayizivele yezakhiwo, i-biodegradabilibility, kanye nokusimama kusenza babe nezithako ezibalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo nezinqubo. Ukuqhubeka kokusungulwa kwe-cellulose ether Chemistry kanye nobuchwepheshe kulungele ukushayela phambili ukuthuthuka futhi uvule amathuba amasha eminyakeni ezayo.