Ukuqedwa kwe-Cellulose Tather kungaba inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yesakhiwo sabo esiyingqayizivele namakhemikhali. I-Cellulose Tashers ama-polymers ancibilikayo asuselwa ku-cellulose, okwenzeka ngokwemvelo polysaccharide etholakala ezindongeni zeseli zezitshalo. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi kwizimboni ezahlukahlukene ezinjengemithi, ukudla, izindwangu, kanye nokwakha ngenxa yokuqina kwazo okuhle, ukuqina, okubophayo kanye nokuzinza izakhiwo.
1. Ukuqonda ama-collulose afes:
I-Cellulose Afers iyinhlangano etholwa yi-cellulose, lapho amaqembu e-hydroxyl ahlukaniswe khona ngokwengxenye noma ngokugcwele ngamaqembu ether. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zifaka i-methyl cellulose (MC), i-Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), i-Hydroxyyethyl cellulose (i-HEC), kanye ne-carboxymethyl cellulose (cmc). Uhlobo ngalunye lunezakhiwo ezihlukile ngokuya ngezinga nohlobo lokufakwa esikhundleni.
2. Izici ezithinta i-soubity:
Kuthonya izici eziningana ukuthonya ukuzungulwa kwe-cellulose afesther:
I-degree yokufaka esikhundleni (DS): I-DS ephakeme ngokuvamile ithuthukisa i-soubity njengoba inyusa i-hydrophicity ye-polymer.
Isisindo samangqamuzana: Izithako eziphakeme ze-molecular cellulose, zidinga isikhathi esithe xaxa noma amandla okuchithwa.
Izakhiwo ze-Solvent: Solvents ene-polarity ephezulu kanye namandla okubopha ama-hydrogen, njengamanzi nama-polar organic sols, ngokuvamile aphumelela ekuqedeni izithambiso ze-cellulose.
Ukushisa: izinga lokushisa elikhulayo lingathuthukisa i-solubility ngokwandisa amandla we-kinetic ama-molecule.
Ukuyaluza: Ukuqashiswa kwemishini kungasiza ukuqedwa ngokwandisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-solvent ne-polymer.
ph: Kwamanye ama-surlulose i-Teshers afana ne-CMC, i-PH ingathinta kakhulu i-solubity ngenxa yamaqembu ayo e-carboxymethyl.
3. Sol sol for disolution:
Amanzi: Iningi le-cellulose izithathekisa lincibilika kalula emanzini, okwenza kube yi-solvent eyinhloko yezinhlelo eziningi.
I -OLLS: I-Ethanol, i-Methanol, ne-SOPPRAPOPOL isetshenziswa kaningi ukuba yi-Solvents Coolvents ukuthuthukisa i-solubility ye-cellulose afebur, ikakhulukazi kwalawo ane-solubity yamanzi alinganiselwe.
I-Organic Solvents: I-Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO), i-DimethylformaMide (DMF), ne-N-methylpyrhone (NMP) zivame ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile lapho kutholakala khona i-solubity ephezulu.
4. Amasu wokuchithwa:
Ukuvuselelwa okulula: Ukuze uthole izinhlelo eziningi, umane uvuse izithambiso ze-cellulose kwi-solvent efanelekile ekushiseni okukhona kwanele ukuchithwa. Kodwa-ke, amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nezikhathi ezishelelayo ezivusa amadlingozi kungadingeka ukuqedwa ngokuphelele.
Ukushisa: Ukushisa i-solvent noma ingxube ye-solvent-polymer kungasheshisa ukuchithwa, ikakhulukazi ukuthola izithambisi eziphakeme ze-molecular cellulose afels noma lezo ezine-solubity ephansi.
I-Ultrasonication: Ukuqashiswa kwe-ultrasonic kungathuthukisa ukuqedwa ngokwakha ama-bubble we-cavitation akhuthaza ukwahlukana kwama-polymer aggregates futhi athuthukise ukungena kwe-solvent.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-Solvents Co-Solvents: Ukuhlanganisa amanzi ngotshwala noma ezinye izixazululo ze-organic ze-polar kungathuthukisa i-solubity, ikakhulukazi izithambiso ze-cellulose ezine-solubeni elilinganiselwe.
5. Ukucatshangelwa okusebenzayo:
Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana: Izithambiso eziyimpuphu obuyimpuphu eziphindwayo zincibilika kalula kunezinhlayiya ezinkulu ngenxa yendawo ekhuphukayo engaphezulu.
Ukulungiselela izixazululo: ukulungiselela izixazululo ze-cellulose erher ngendlela ezayo, njengokusakaza i-polymer engxenyeni ye-solvent ngaphambi kokungeza ukuqubuka, kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuqina futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuhlukaniswa okufanayo.
Ukulungiswa kwe-PH: Nge-Cellulose Alfers ethambile ku-PH, ukulungisa i-PH ye-solvent kungathuthukisa i-solubity nokuqina.
Ezokuphepha: Amanye ama-solvents asetshenziselwa ukuncibilika izitha izithako angafaka izingozi zezempilo nezokuphepha. Umoya omncane kanye nemishini yokuvikela yomuntu siqu kufanele isetshenziswe lapho uphatha lezi zinhlaka.
6. Ukucatshangelwa okuphathelene nohlelo lokusebenza:
IMITHETHO: I-Cellulose Afers isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwemithi ngokukhishwa okulawulwayo, ukubopha, nokuqina. Ukukhethwa kwe-solvent kanye nendlela yokuchithwa kuncike kwizidingo ezithile zokwakhiwa.
Ukudla: Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokudla, izithiyo ze-cellulose zisetshenziswa njengabakhulu, abaqinisi, kanye nabavuselela amanoni. I-Solvents iyahambisana nemithetho yokudla kumele isetshenziswe, futhi izimo zokuqothula kufanele zenziwe kahle ukugcina ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Ukwakhiwa: Izimpikiswano zeCellulose zisetshenziswa ezintweni zokwakha ezifana nodaka, ama-grouts, kanye nezinamathela. Ukukhetha i-solvent kanye nezimo zokuqothula zibalulekile ekufezekiseni i-viscosity oyifunayo kanye nezakhiwo zokusebenza.
7. Izikhombisi zekusasa:
Ukucwaninga ngama-solution anoveli nezindlela zokuqothula ziyaqhubeka nokuqhubekisela phambili insimu ye-cellulose ether Chemistry. I-solvents eluhlaza, efana ne-supercritical CO2 ne-Ionic Liquid, nikeza ezinye izindlela ezingaba nomthelela wezemvelo. Ngokwengeziwe, intuthuko yobunjiniyela be-polymer kanye ne-nanotechnology kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-cellulose afers nge-solubity ethuthukisiwe kanye nezimpawu zokusebenza.
Ukuchithwa kwe-Cellulose TETERS kuyinqubo ehlukahlukene ethonywe yizici ezahlukahlukene ezifana nesakhiwo se-polymer, izakhiwo zodwa, kanye namasu wokuchithwa. Ukuqonda lezi zinto nokukhetha izixazululo ezifanele nezindlela ezifanelekile zokuthola ukuqedwa okusebenzayo nokwenza kahle ukusebenza kwezibopho ze-cellulose ezisetshenzisweni ezahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sePosi: Apr-10-2024