Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-acid ye-acid ne-sodium?

Isakhiwo se-1.Chical:

I-Formic acid (HCOOH): Kuyinto elula ye-carboxylic acid ngefomula yamakhemikhali hCooh. Siqukethe iqembu le-carboxyl (COOH), lapho i-hydrogen inamathele khona ikhabhoni kanti enye umoya-mpilo yakha isibopho esiphindwe kabili ngekhabhoni.

I-sodium yakha (HCCONA): ngusawoti we-sodium we-formic acid. Ama-hydrogens we-carboxylic e-formic acid athathelwa indawo yi-sodium ions, akha i-sodium yakheka.

2. Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo:

I-Formic acid:
Ekushiseni kwamakamelo, i-formic acid iwuketshezi olungenamibala ngephunga le-pungent.
Iphoyinti layo elibilayo lingu-100.8 degrees Celsius.
I-acid ekhethiweyo ayibonakali kabi ngamanzi kanye nezinhlelo eziningi ze-organic.
I-sodium yakha:
I-sodium yakha imvamisa iza ngesimo se-white hygroscopic powder.
Kuyancibilika emanzini kepha ine-solubity elinganiselwe kwezinye izixazululo ze-organic.
Ngenxa yemvelo yayo ye-ionic, le mpikiswano inendawo ephakeme yokuncibilika uma iqhathaniswa ne-acid enobuhlakani.

3. I-Acidic noma i-Alkaline:

I-Formic acid:
I-Formic Acid iyi-acid ebuthakathaka enganikela ngamaprotoni (H +) ekuphendukeni kwamakhemikhali.
I-sodium yakha:
I-sodium yakha usawoti osuselwa ku-acid enobuchule; Akuyona i-acidic. Esikhaleni esinamanzi, kubumba ama-sodium ion (na +) nokwakha i-ion (HCOO-).

4. Inhloso:

I-Formic acid:

Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwesikhumba, izindwangu kanye nodayi.
I-Formic Acid iyingxenye ebalulekile ekucutshungweni kwezikhumba zezilwane ezihlahleni zesikhumba.
Isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti encishisiwe nokulondolozwa kwezinye izimboni.
Ezolimo, kusetshenziswa njengesengezo sokuphakelayo ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane athile nesikhunta.
I-sodium yakha:

I-sodium yasungulwa isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ye-de-icing yemigwaqo nemigwaqo.
Isetshenziswa njengokunciphisa i-ejenti ekushicilelweni komkhakha wokuphrinta nokudaya.
Le nhlanganisela isetshenziselwa ukumba ukwakheka kodaka embonini kawoyela negesi.
I-sodium yasungulwa isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ebuhlungu kwezinye izinqubo zezimboni.

5. Ukukhiqiza:

I-Formic acid:

I-formic acid ikhiqizwa yi-catalytic hydrogenation ye-carbon dioxide noma ukusabela kwe-methanol nge-carbon monoxide.
Izinqubo zezimboni zibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwama-catalysts kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu nezingcindezi.
I-sodium yakha:

Ukwakheka kwe-sodium kuvame ukukhiqizwa ngokungathathi hlangothi acid nge-sodium hydroxide.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-sodium okuholela kungahlukaniswa nge-crystallization noma kutholwe ngefomu lesisombululo.

6. Izindlela zokuphepha:

I-Formic acid:

I-formic acid iyakhuthaza futhi ingadala ukushiswa ngokuxhumana nesikhumba.
Ukuphefumula kwama-vapors alo kungadala ukucasuka ohlelweni lokuphefumula.
I-sodium yakha:

Yize kwakhiwa i-sodium ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengengozi kakhulu kune-acid yokwakha, ukuphathwa okufanele kanye nokuqapha kokugcina kusadinga ukuthathwa.
Imihlahlandlela yezokuphepha kumele ilandelwe lapho usebenzisa i-sodium ekwakheka ukugwema ubungozi bezempilo.

7. Umthelela Wezemvelo:

I-Formic acid:

I-Formic Acid ingakwazi ukubanjwa kwe-biodegade ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Umthelela wayo emvelweni uthinteka yizinto ezifana nokuhlushwa nokuvezwa kwesikhathi.
I-sodium yakha:

Ukwakheka kwe-sodium ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengento enobungane nemvelo futhi kunomthelela ophansi kunezinye izindlela zokunye.

8. Izindleko nokutholakala:

I-Formic acid:

Izindleko ze-formic acid zingahluka ngokuya ngendlela yokukhiqiza nobumsulwa.
Ingathengwa kubahlinzeki abahlukahlukene.
I-sodium yakha:

I-sodium ekwakheka inentengo enompetha futhi ukunikezwa kwayo kuthintwa yisidingo ezivela ezimbonini ezahlukene.
Ilungiselelwe ngokungathathi hlangothi i-acid ye-acid ne-sodium hydroxide.

I-Formic acid ne-sodium ekwakhiweni yizinhlanganisela ezahlukahlukene ezinezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezicelo. I-Formic Acid iyi-acid ebuthakathaka esetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezicelo, ezivela ezinhlakeni zezimboni kwezolimo, ngenkathi i-sodium yakha, kusetshenziswa usawoti we-sodium we-de-icing, izindwangu kanye nemboni kawoyela negesi. Ukuqonda izici zabo kubalulekile ekuphatheni okuphephile nokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.