I-Methylcellulose (MC) kanye ne-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) yizici ezimbili ezivamile ze-cellulose, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ekwakhiweni, embonini yamakhemikhali nakweminye imikhakha. Nakuba zonke ziguqulwa ngamakhemikhali zisuka ku-cellulose yemvelo, kunomehluko omkhulu ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo ezingokomzimba nezamakhemikhali, kanye nezicelo.
1. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali kanye nenqubo yokulungiselela
I-Methylcellulose ikhiqizwa ngokuphendula i-cellulose nge-methyl chloride (noma i-methanol) ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline. Phakathi nale nqubo, ingxenye yamaqembu e-hydroxyl (-OH) kuma-molecule e-cellulose ithathelwa indawo amaqembu e-methoxy (-OCH₃) ukuze akhe i-methylcellulose. Izinga lokushintsha (DS, inombolo yabasekeli ngeyunithi ngayinye ye-glucose) ye-methylcellulose inquma izici zayo ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali, njengokuncibilika kanye nokubonakala kwayo.
I-Carboxymethylcellulose ikhiqizwa ngokuphendula i-cellulose ne-chloroacetic acid ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline, futhi iqembu le-hydroxyl lithathelwa indawo yi-carboxymethyl (-CH₂COOH). Izinga lokushintsha kanye neziqu ze-polymerization (DP) ye-CMC ithinta ukuncibilika kwayo kanye nokubonakala kwayo emanzini. I-CMC ivamise ukuba khona ngendlela kasawoti wesodium, ebizwa nge-sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC).
2. Izakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali
Ukunyibilika: I-methylcellulose incibilika emanzini abandayo, kodwa ilahlekelwa ukuncibilika futhi yakhe ijeli emanzini ashisayo. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwe-thermal kwenza ukusetshenziswa kwayo njenge-thickener kanye ne-gelling ejenti ekucubunguleni ukudla. I-CMC iyancibilika emanzini abandayo nashisayo, kodwa i-viscosity yesisombululo sayo iyehla njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka.
I-Viscosity: I-viscosity yakho kokubili ithintwa izinga lokushintshwa nokugxila kwesixazululo. I-viscosity ye-MC iqala ukukhula bese yehla njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, kuyilapho i-viscosity ye-CMC inhla njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. Lokhu kubanika izinzuzo zabo ezinhlelweni ezihlukene zezimboni.
Ukuzinza kwe-pH: I-CMC ihlala izinzile phezu kwebanga elibanzi le-pH, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline, okuyenza idume kakhulu njengesiqinisi nokujiya ekudleni nasemithini yemithi. I-MC izinzile uma kuqhathaniswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezingathathi hlangothi nezine-alkaline kancane, kodwa izokwehlisa izinga kuma-asidi aqinile noma ama-alkali.
3. Izindawo zokufaka izicelo
Imboni yokudla: I-methylcellulose ivame ukusetshenziswa ekudleni njenge-thickener, emulsifier kanye ne-stabilizer. Isibonelo, ingalingisa ukunambitheka nokuthungwa kwamafutha lapho ikhiqiza ukudla okunamafutha aphansi. I-Carboxymethylcellulose isetshenziswa kakhulu eziphuzweni, ezimpahleni ezibhakwayo kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi njenge-thickener ne-stabilizer ukuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi kanye nokwenza ngcono ukunambitheka.
Imboni yezemithi: I-Methylcellulose isetshenziswa ekulungiseni amaphilisi okwenza imithi njenge-binder kanye ne-disintegrant, futhi nanjenge-lubricant ne-ejenti yokuzivikela, njengamaconsi esweni njengengxenye yezinyembezi. I-CMC isetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokwelapha ngenxa yokuvumelana kwayo okuhle, njengokulungiswa kwezidakamizwa ezikhishwa njalo kanye nezinamatheliso kumathonsi asweni.
Imboni yezokwakha kanye namakhemikhali: I-MC isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha njenge-thickener, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi kanye ne-adhesive for usimende ne-gypsum. Ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kanye nekhwalithi yendawo yezinto zokwakha. I-CMC ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni udaka ezimayini zensimu kawoyela, i-slurry ekuphrinteni izindwangu nokudaya, ukumbozwa kwephepha phezulu, njll.
4. Ukuphepha kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo
Kokubili kubhekwa njengokuphephile ukusetshenziswa ekudleni nasezinhlelweni zemithi, kodwa imithombo yazo nezinqubo zokukhiqiza zingase zibe nomthelela ohlukile endaweni ezungezile. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-MC kanye ne-CMC zithathwe ku-cellulose yemvelo futhi ziyakwazi ukubola, ngakho zisebenza kahle ngokuhambisana nemvelo. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yabo yokukhiqiza ingase ihlanganise izincibilikisi zamakhemikhali nama-reagents, angase abe nomthelela othile endaweni ezungezile.
5. Intengo kanye nesidingo semakethe
Ngenxa yezinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-methylcellulose ngokuvamile ziba phezulu, ngakho intengo yayo yemakethe nayo iphakeme kune-carboxymethylcellulose. I-CMC ngokuvamile inesidingo esikhulu semakethe ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi.
Yize i-methylcellulose ne-carboxymethylcellulose zombili ziphuma ku-cellulose, zinomehluko omkhulu ngesakhiwo, izakhiwo, izinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nesidingo semakethe. I-Methylcellulose isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wokudla, umuthi kanye nezinto zokwakha ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwayo okuhlukile kokushisa nokulawula okuphezulu kwe-viscosity. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose isetshenziswe kakhulu ekudleni, kwezokwelapha, kwe-petrochemical, kwendwangu nakwezinye izimboni ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ukulungiswa kwe-viscosity kanye nokuguquguquka okubanzi kwe-pH. Ukukhetha kokuphuma kokunye ku-cellulose kuncike esimeni sohlelo oluthile kanye nezidingo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-20-2024