Yiziphi izinhlobo ezinciphisa ama-ejenti wamanzi futhi yiziphi izimfanelo zazo?

Ama-ejenti anciphise amanzi, abizwa nangokuthi amapulasitiki noma ama-superplastimizer, yizithaliselo zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziswa ngokhonkolo kanye nodaka ukuxubana ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza, ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningana zama-ejenti anciphisa amanzi, ngalinye linezimpawu zalo kanye nezicelo. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile:

1. I-Liglosulfonates: I-Lignosulfonates isuselwa epulpini lezinkuni futhi ingenye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu zama-ejenti anciphisa amanzi. Ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ekuxubeni kokhonkolo ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza futhi kunciphise okuqukethwe kwamanzi ngenkathi kugcinwa amandla anele. I-Liggosulfonates iyabiza kakhulu futhi iyahambisana nezinhlobo eziningi zesenti.
2. I-Naphthalene Sulfomate: Amanzi asukwa amanzi aseNaphthalene asebenza kahle kakhulu ekwehliseni okuqukethwe kwamanzi ekuxubeni ukhonkolo ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukugeleza nokusebenza. Zilungele ikakhulukazi ukukhiqiza ukhonkolo onamandla onamanzi aphansi ngezilinganiso eziphansi zamanzi. UNaphthalene Sulfonate angasiza futhi ukunciphisa ingozi yokwehlukaniswa nokopha ngokhonkolo.
3. I-Melamine Sulfonates: Amanzi asuselwa emanzini asuselwa emanzini anciphise ukunciphisa amanzi anciphile ngokuqhathaniswa ne-Liglosulfonates kanye nama-naphthalene sulfonates. Bahlinzeka ngokusebenza okuhle, amandla asekuqaleni aphezulu, futhi ukuqina okuthuthukile kokuxubeka kokhonkolo. I-Melamine Sulfonates ivame ukusetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokhonkolo ezisebenza kahle njenge-Prepast kanye nokhonkolo ohleliwe.
4. I-Polycarboxylate Tesheryate Leters (POCCCS): AbasePolycarboxxylate bather isizukulwane esisha samanzi anciphisa amanzi esaziwa ngokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu nokuguquguquka okuhlukahlukene. Bangakwehlisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kwamanzi ekuxubeni kokhonkolo ngenkathi begcina ukugeleza nokusebenza kwezikhathi ezeluliwe. Ama-POCCS anikezela ukuhambisana okuhle kakhulu nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zosekhumenti kanye nama-admixtures futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ekuzihlanganiseni ukhonkolo (i-SCC) kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-conkscrete (HPC
5. I-Admixtures Combination: Amanye ama-ejenti anciphisa amanzi akhiwa njenge-admixtures ehlanganisiwe, engafaka phakathi izinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ahlukene amakhemikhali ukufeza izinhloso ezithile zokusebenza. Lezi zinhlamvu zinganikeza imiphumela ye-synergistic, njengokugcinwa okuthuthukile kwe-slump, ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla okuthuthukile, noma ukuncishiswa komoya okufakiwe.

Izici zama-ejenti anciphisa amanzi angafaka:

• Ukuncishiswa kwamanzi: Umsebenzi oyinhloko wama-ejenti anciphisa amanzi ukunciphisa inani lamanzi okuxuba adingekayo ukufezekisa ukuvumelana okufunwa kokhonkolo noma ngodaka. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa amandla, ukuqina, kanye nokusebenza kwalokhu okuqukethwe ngenkathi kunciphisa ubungozi bokuhlukaniswa nokopha.
• Ukusebenza: Ama-ejenti anciphisa amanzi athuthukisa ukuwenza nokugeleza kokuxubana kokhonkolo, okuvumela ukubekwa kalula kanye nokuhlanganiswa ngaphandle kokudela amandla noma ukuhlangana. Basiza ekuqinisekiseni ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwama-aggregates kanye nezinto zokwakha i-cementional kulo lonke ukuxubana.
• Ukuvumelana: Ama-ejenti anciphisa amanzi kufanele ahambisane namanye ama-admixtures kanye nezithasiselo ezisetshenziswa ekuxubeni ukhonkolo, njengama-ejenti okufaka umoya, ama-retaarders, nama-accelerator. Ukuvumelana kuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhiwo ezifiselekayo nokusebenza kokhonkolo kutholakala ngaphandle kokuphendula okulimazayo noma imiphumela emibi.
• Izinga le-DOSAGE: Ukusebenza kwama-ejenti anciphisa amanzi kuncike kwinani lomthamo, okuvame ukuvezwa njengephesenti lokuqukethwe kokuqukethwe kwe-cecmential in the mix. Amanani we-dosage afanele angahluka ngokuya ngezinto ezifana nohlobo lwesimende, izici ezihlanganisiwe, izinga lokushisa elikhona, kanye nezakhiwo zokhonkolo ezifiselekayo.
• Ukubeka isikhathi: Amanye ama-ejenti ancishisiwe amanzi angathonya isikhathi sokuhlelwa kokhonkolo, noma isheshisa noma ibuyise izikhathi zokugcina nezokugcina. Umthamo ofanele kanye nokukhethwa kwamanzi okunciphisa amanzi kuyadingeka ukufeza izici zokusetha ozifunayo zezicelo ezithile zokwakha.
• Izindleko Nokusebenza: Ukucatshangelwa okufana nokusebenza kwezindleko, izidingo zokusebenza, kanye nokucaciswa kwephrojekthi kudlala indima enkulu ekukhetheni i-ejenti efanelekile yokunciphisa amanzi yohlelo oluthile. Kubalulekile ukuhlola izinzuzo kanye nemikhawulo yezinhlobo ezahlukene zamanzi anciphise ukunquma inketho efanelekile yezidingo zephrojekthi.

Ama-ejenti anciphise amanzi adlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni kahle ukusebenza nokuqina kokhonkolo kanye nodaka, okuvumela imikhuba yokwakha esebenza kahle nekhwalithi ethuthukisiwe yezakhiwo eziqediwe.