What’s the traditional method of pasting tiles? And what are the shortcomings?

The traditional method of pasting tiles, commonly known as the “direct bonding method” or “thick-bed method,” involves applying a thick layer of mortar directly onto the substrate (such as concrete, cement board, or plaster) and embedding the tiles into the mortar bed. Here’s an overview of the traditional tile installation process and its shortcomings:

Traditional Tile Pasting Method:

1. Surface Preparation:
   • The substrate surface is cleaned, leveled, and primed to ensure proper adhesion and bond strength between the mortar bed and the tiles.
2. Mixing Mortar:
   • A mortar mix consisting of cement, sand, and water is prepared to the desired consistency. Some variations may include the addition of admixtures to improve workability, water retention, or adhesion properties.
3. Applying Mortar:
   • The mortar is applied onto the substrate using a trowel, spread evenly to create a thick, uniform bed. The thickness of the mortar bed may vary depending on the size and type of tiles, typically ranging from 10 mm to 20 mm.
4. Embedding Tiles:
   • The tiles are firmly pressed into the mortar bed, ensuring full contact and coverage. Tile spacers may be used to maintain uniform spacing between tiles and facilitate grout application.
5. Setting and Curing:
   • Once the tiles are set in place, the mortar is allowed to cure and harden over a specified period. Proper curing conditions (temperature, humidity) are maintained to promote optimal bond strength and durability.
6. Grouting Joints:
   • After the mortar has cured, the tile joints are filled with grout using a grout float or squeegee. Excess grout is wiped off the tile surfaces, and the grout is left to cure according to manufacturer instructions.

Shortcomings of Traditional Tile Pasting Method:

1. Longer Installation Time:
   • The traditional thick-bed method requires more time and labor compared to modern tile installation methods, as it involves multiple steps such as mixing mortar, applying mortar, embedding tiles, curing, and grouting.
2. Increased Material Consumption:
   • The thick layer of mortar used in the traditional method requires a larger volume of mortar mix, resulting in higher material costs and waste. Additionally, the weight of the mortar bed adds load to the structure, especially in high-rise buildings.
3. Potential for Bond Failure:
   • Improper surface preparation or inadequate mortar coverage can lead to poor adhesion between the tiles and the substrate, resulting in bond failure, tile detachment, or cracking over time.
4. Limited Flexibility:
   • The thick mortar bed may lack flexibility and may not accommodate movement or settlement in the substrate, leading to cracks or fractures in the tiles or grout joints.
5. Difficulty in Repairs:
   • Repairing or replacing tiles installed using the traditional method can be challenging and time-consuming, as it often requires removing the entire mortar bed and reinstalling new tiles.

while the traditional tile pasting method has been used for many years and can provide durable installations when done correctly, it has several shortcomings compared to modern tile installation methods such as thin-set mortar or tile adhesives. These modern methods offer faster installation, reduced material consumption, improved flexibility, and better performance in various substrate conditions.